摘要
2021—2023年,对查干湖保护区鸟类进行了野外调查,结合文献资料和观鸟记录,共记录到鸟类20目60科276种。其中,国家一级重点保护鸟类17种,国家二级重点保护鸟类52种;被IUCN列入极危的鸟类有3种、濒危5种、易危13种、近危13种;被列入CITES附录I、II的物种分别为8种、30种。从区系看,主要以古北型、东北型和全北型为主,分别为87种、64种和54种,分别占记录的31.52%、23.19%和19.56%;从居留型看,主要以夏候鸟和旅鸟为主,夏候鸟有108种,占记录的39.13%;其次为旅鸟,有85种,占记录的30.80%;留鸟为43种,占记录的15.58%;其中有27种鸟类既是夏候鸟也是旅鸟,占记录的9.78%;冬候鸟有8种,占记录的2.90%。查干湖保护区各季节Shannon-Weiner多样性指数大小顺序为春季>夏季>秋季>冬季,均匀度指数大小顺序为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季,说明春季是鸟类活动最为频繁的季节;保护区各个栖息地Shannon-Weiner多样性指数大小顺序为滩涂湿地>林地>芦苇丛>村落,均匀度指数大小顺序为滩涂湿地>芦苇丛>林地>村落,体现了保护区滩涂湿地是鸟类的重要栖息地。
From 2021 to 2023,the field survey was conducted on birds in Chagan Lake Nature Reserve.Based on literature and bird watching records,the total of 276 species of birds belonging to 60 families and 20 orders were recorded.There were 17 national first-level key protected species and 52 national second-level key protected species.There were 3 critically endangered species,5 endangered species,13 vulnerable species,and 13 nearly threatened species on the IUCN Red List.There were 8 species listed in Appendix I of the CITES and 30 species listed in Appendix II of the CITES.From the perspective of fauna,the Palaearctic species(87 species),Northeastern species(64 species),and Holarctic species(54 species)were the main species those accounted for 31.52%,23.19%,and 19.56%,respectively.From the perspective of residence type,summer migrants and passing birds were the main types.There were 108 species of summer migrants accounting for 39.13%.There were 85 species of passing birds accounting for 30.80%.There were 43 species of resident birds accounting for 15.58%.There were 27 species those were both summer migrants and passing birds accounting for 9.78%.There were 8 species of winter migrants accounting for 2.90%.The Shannon-Weiner diversity index of birds in different seasons was as follows:spring>summer>autumn>winter.The evenness index was as follows:summer>spring>autumn>winter.It showed that spring was the most active season for birds.The Shannon-Weiner diversity index of birds in different habitats was as follows:tidal flat wetland>forest land>reed cluster>village.The evenness index was as follows:tidal flat wetland>reed cluster>forest land>village.The tidal flat wetland was the important habitat for bird.
作者
杨敬爽
马锋敏
王贺
李阳
YANG Jingshuang;MA Fengmin;WANG He;LI Yang(Jilin Chagan Lake National Nature Reserve Administration,Songyuan 138000;Jilin Yalu River Upstream National Nature Reserve Administration,Baishan 134400)
出处
《吉林林业科技》
2024年第6期21-26,32,共7页
Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
查干湖
鸟类资源调查
多样性分析
Chagan Lake
investigation of bird resources
diversity analysis
