摘要
为了对比不同的铸造方式所获得ZL114A合金的显微组织及力学性能差异,通过万能试验机对采用重力、低压、差压铸造方法制备的合金的不同状态力学性能进行了检测,通过光学显微镜对合金的显微组织进行了分析。重力铸造的铸态合金强度最高,抗拉强度、屈服强度分别为151.3 MPa、110.3 MPa;差压、低压铸造的铸态合金的塑性较好,伸长率分别为15.8%和14.7%。铸态合金为枝状组织,主要由α-Al、初生Si、Mg2Si及Al、Si共晶相组成;低压与差压铸造合金晶粒尺寸、共晶相宽度更小。固溶处理后,低压铸造合金抗拉强度、屈服强度分别提升了110.9%和149.5%,差压铸造合金抗拉强度、屈服强度分别提升了125.3%和101.5%,固溶效果优于重力铸造。固溶处理过程中,Mg2Si相回溶于α-Al基体中,共晶Si相逐渐熔断、球化。在170℃时效8 h后,低压铸造合金抗拉强度、屈服强度分别提升了30.2%和83.8%,差压铸造合金分别提升了17.3%和63.5%,低压铸造合金的时效效果最佳;时效处理后,差压铸造合金伸长率最好,低压铸造次之。
In order to compare the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL114A alloy obtained by different casting methods,the mechanical properties of the alloy prepared by gravity,low-pressure and differential pressure casting method are tested by universal testing machine,and the microstructure of the alloy in different states is analyzed by optical microscope.The strength of the as-cast alloy by gravity casting is the highest,Tensile strength and yield strength are 151.3 MPa and 110.3 MPa,respectively.The plasticity of the as-cast alloy with differential pressure and low pressure casting is better,the elongation is 15.8%and 14.7%respectively.The as-cast alloy is dendritic,mainly composed ofα-Al,primary Si,Mg2Si and Al/Si eutectic phases.The grain size and eutectic phase width of low-pressure casting and differential pressure casting alloys are smaller.After solid solution,tensile strength and yield strength of low-pressure casting alloys increased by 110.9%and 149.5%respectively,tensile strength and yield strength of differential pressure casting alloys increased by 125.3%and 101.5%respectively.The solid solution effect is better than that of gravity casting.In the process of solid solution,Mg2Si phase redissolves inα-Al matrix,and the eutectic Si phase gradually melts and spheroidizes.After aging at 170℃for 8 h,tensile strength and yield strength of lowpressure casting alloys increased by 30.2%and 83.8%respectively,and that of differential pressure casting alloys increased by 17.3%and 63.5%,respectively.The aging effect of low-pressure casting alloy was the best.After aging treatment,the elongation of differential pressure casting alloy is the best,followed by low-pressure casting.
作者
田少鲲
金圆平
王明杰
张海涛
肖抓
杜越
郭占
陈永栓
TIAN Shaokun;JIN Yuanping;WANG Mingjie;ZHANG Haitao;XIAO Zhua;DU Yue;GUO Zhan;CHEN Yongshuan(Capital Aerospace Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100076,China)
出处
《铸造工程》
2024年第6期9-15,共7页
Foundry Engineering
关键词
ZL114A合金
低压铸造
差压铸造
力学性能
显微组织
ZL114A alloy
low pressure casting
differential casting
mechanical properties
microstructure
