摘要
为了应对人类对粮食的需求,基于重要基因编码区编辑以产生有利性状的研究不计其数。转录调控是控制基因表达的关键,包括作物重要的农艺性状的控制。顺式作用元件和反式作用因子之间的相互作用决定基因的时空表达模式和表达水平,重要的元件包括转录因子结合位点、增强子等在这个过程中发挥重要作用。其中启动子作为最大且最重要的顺式作用元件,对其进行改造从而改变相关基因的表达模式来创造作物有利性状是不同于编码区编辑育种的有效策略。目前,启动子编辑策略有两种应用的方式。其一是定向改造以生成确定的有利性状,其二是在特定的启动子区域内随机产生新的等位基因,根据表型进行选择,同时也产生新的变异资源。本文主要讨论了启动子编辑在作物中的应用,包括提高产量、改善品质以及增强对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性,旨在关注农作物精准育种最新前沿,为启动子基因编辑技术的开发与应用提供研究思路和理论借鉴。
To meet the growing demand for food from human being,the study on editing important gene-coding regions to produce beneficial traits is countless.Transcriptional regulation is crucial for controlling gene expression,including the control of important agronomic traits in crops.The interaction between cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors determines the spatiotemporal expression patterns and levels of genes,and transcription factor binding sites and enhancers etc.play an important role in those pathways.What's more,the promoter,as the largest and most important cis-acting element,can be modified to alter the expression patterns of target genes,and create beneficial traits in crops,which is an effective strategy different from coding region editing breeding.There are two applications of promoter editing strategies.One is directed modification to generate specific beneficial traits,and the other is to randomly generate new alleles within specific promoter regions,followed by phenotypic selection,also producing new genetic variation resources.In this review,we mainly discuss the application of promoter editing in crops,including increasing yield,improving quality,and enhancing tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses.It aims to focus on the cutting-edge precision breeding of crops,providing research ideas and theoretical references for the development and application of promoter gene editing technology.
作者
张洁萍
关跃峰
ZHANG Jie-ping;GUAN Yue-feng(School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing,Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution,School of Life Sciences,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006)
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期53-61,共9页
Biotechnology Bulletin
基金
广州市市校(院)企联合资助项目(2024A03J0010)。
