摘要
“粮改饲”补贴政策主要是通过补贴农业企业撬动农户生产方式改变,以达到农业调控的整体目标,目前鲜有文献研究此类补贴模式对农地租金的影响。该研究首先理论分析了“粮改饲”补贴政策从养殖企业传导到农户进而影响农地租金的传输机制,然后利用2020年和2022年中国乡村振兴综合调查10省份50县300村4384户5894个地块数据,采用双向固定效应模型,实证分析了“粮改饲”补贴政策对农地租金的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:①“粮改饲”补贴政策显著提高了农户收取土地租金的比例和价格。②机制分析发现,“粮改饲”补贴政策主要通过提高饲料粮种植比例、增加农民收入、培育农地流转市场的方式提高农地流转租金。③异质性分析发现,对于养殖企业附近、耕地资源禀赋较好、土地密集型作物种植区的农地,“粮改饲”补贴对农地租金发挥更大的政策效应;对于劳动力资源禀赋差异,该补贴对农地租金的影响没有表现出显著差异。基于以上研究结论提出政策建议:①优化“粮改饲”补贴政策,将“粮改饲”补贴政策与适宜当地青贮玉米等饲料粮生产的自然条件相结合,减少耕地资源与农产品市场错配,有效发挥耕地资源的使用效率。②优化农地流转市场,发挥土地规模效应,引导农户大规模种植青贮玉米。③探索更加灵活的“粮改饲”补贴模式,鼓励农业企业与农业大户直接合作,通过企业引导农户生产出更加符合市场需求的产品,提高整体的社会福利。
The subsidy policy of China's‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’mainly aims to achieve the overall goal of agricultural regulation by subsidizing livestock enterprises and encouraging farmers to change their production methods,However,there is limited literature on the impact of such subsidies on farmland rental prices.The study first theoretically analyzed the mechanisms of the transmission of the subsidy policy from farming enterprises to farmers and how this transmission affected farmland rental prices.Using data from 4384 households and 5894 plots in 300 villages across 50 counties in 10 provinces from the 2020 and 2022 China Rural Revitalization Survey(CRRS),we empirically analyzed the impact of the subsidy policy on farmland rental prices and its mechanisms by adopting the two-way fixed-effects model.The results of the study showed that:①The‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’subsidy increased the proportion of farmers earning land rent and rent prices.②Mechanism analysis revealed that the‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’primarily raised land transfer rent by increasing the proportion of fodder grain cultivation,increasing farmers'income,and promoting the development of the land transfer market.③Heterogeneity analysis found that for farmland near livestock enterprises,better endowed with arable land resources,and land-intensive crop-growing land,the‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’subsidy had a greater impact on farmland rental prices,while the heterogeneity concerning local labor resources was not significant.Based on these conclusions,this paper provides the following policy recommendations for the‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’:①Optimize the program by combining the subsidy policy with policies suitable for local silage maize and other crops,reducing the mismatch between arable land resources and the agricultural products market,and effectively utilizing arable land resources.②Optimize the agricultural land transfer market to maximize the land-scale effect and guide farmers to plant silage corn on a large scale.③Explore a more flexible‘Grain-to-Fodder Crop Conversion Program’model,encouraging direct cooperation between agricultural enterprises and large agricultural households.This will guide farmers to produce agricultural goods that meet market demand through enterprises,thereby improving overall social welfare.
作者
王术坤
林文声
刘长全
杨国蕾
WANG Shukun;LIN Wensheng;LIU Changquan;YANG Guolei(Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China;School of Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Technology and Economy of Grain Industry,Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期182-192,共11页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“‘粮改饲’补贴政策对农户生产影响及政策优化研究”(批准号:72003194),“‘中国好粮油’行动计划对优质粮油供给影响的作用机制、实证分析与政策优化”(批准号:72303048)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目“乡村振兴和建设农业强国背景下中国奶业现代化的战略与政策研究”(批准号:CARS-36)
北京理工大学青年教师学术启动计划“中国农用地流转价格的演变趋势、驱动力及其影响”(批准号:2022-2024)
中国社会科学院重大经济社会调查项目“乡村振兴综合调查及中国农村调查数据库项目”(批准号:GQDC2020017,GQDC2022020,2024ZDDC001)。
关键词
“粮改饲”补贴
农地租金
农地流转
饲料粮
‘Grain‑to‑Fodder Crop Conversion Program’subsidy
farmland rental price
farmland transfer
fodder grain
