摘要
目的:探讨不同强度有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾功能异常以及线粒体氧化应激的影响。方法:选取SPF级5周龄雄性SD大鼠90只,适应性饲喂一周后,随机分为普通饮食组(CON,n=10)和高脂饮食组(n=80),高脂饮食组食用高脂饲料8周后,筛选肥胖伴肾功能异常大鼠40只随机分为4组:高脂饮食对照组(HFD)和高脂饮食+不同强度有氧运动组(40%VO_(2max)、60%VO_(2max)、80%VO_(2max)),每组各10只。各运动组采用跑台进行4周有氧运动干预,每周5天,每天60 min。4周干预后测量体重、体长、肾周和附睾脂肪重量,计算脂体比、Lee’s指数等形态指标,检测血清肌酐(SCr)、血清胱抑素C(Cystatin C)、尿微量白蛋白(mALB)等肾功能生化指标,HE染色和PAS染色观察肾脏病理变化,透射电镜观察肾脏和线粒体超微结构变化,ELISA试剂盒检测线粒体中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、线粒体膜电位水平。结果:(1)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾功能异常相关生化指标的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组血清SCr、血清Cystatin C、尿mALB水平均显著上升(P<0.05);与HFD组相比,各运动干预组血清SCr水平显著降低(P<0.05),60%VO_(2max)组和80%VO_(2max)组血清Cystatin C和尿m ALB水平显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾脏和线粒体病理结构的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组肾小管上皮细胞轻中度变性,肾小球硬化指数(GSI)显著增加(P<0.05);各运动干预组肾小球肥大程度较HFD组均有所减轻,其中60%VO_(2max)组肾小管轮廓更加清晰,GSI显著下降(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,HFD组肾小管线粒体大量肿胀,60%VO_(2max)组较HFD组线粒体损伤状态明显改善。(3)有氧运动对肥胖大鼠肾脏线粒体氧化应激的影响:与CON组相比,HFD组大鼠肾脏线粒体MDA水平显著升高(P<0.05);各运动干预组较HFD组线粒体MDA水平显著下降(P<0.05),其中40%VO_(2max)组下降趋势最明显(P<0.05);与CON组相比,HFD组大鼠肾脏线粒体SOD和膜电位水平显著降低(P<0.05),40%VO_(2max)组和60%VO_(2max)组较HFD组显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:中低强度有氧运动可通过降低肥胖大鼠肾脏线粒体氧化应激水平改善肾功能异常,主要表现为下调血清肌酐、胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白等肾功能生化指标水平并减轻肾组织损伤程度。
Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise on renal function abnormalities and mitochondrial oxidative stress of obese rats.Methods Ninety 5-week male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal diet group(CON,n=10)and a high-fat diet group(n=80).The latter group was on high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce obesity with renal function abnormality.After success-ful modelling,40 rats were chosen and randomly divided into a high-fat diet control group(HFD)and three groups of high-fat diet+aerobic exercise with different intensities(40%VO_(2max),60%VO_(2max),and 80%VO_(2max)),each of 10.All exercise groups underwent daily 60-min aerobic exercise on treadmill,5 days per week for 4 weeks.After the intervention,their body weight,body length,perirenal and epi-didymal fat weights were measured,and morphometric indices including fat-body ratio and Lee's in-dex were calculated.Moreover,such biochemical indicators of renal function as serum creatinine(SCr),serum cystatin C and urinary microalbumin(mALB)were tested.Meanwhile,the pathological changes of the kidney were observed using hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining and Periodic acid-Schiff(PAS)staining,while the ultrastructural changes of the kidney and mitochondria were observed using the transmission electron microscopy.Moreover,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialde-hyde(MDA),and mitochondrial membrane potential in mitochondria were evaluated using ELISA kits.Results After 4 weeks of intervention,the average SCr,serum cystatin C,and mALB levels in the HFD group increased significantly compared with the CON group(P<0.05).Moreover,the average SCr levels of all exercise groups were significantly lower than the HFD group(P<0.05),with the average serum cystatin C and mALB levels of the 60%VO_(2max) and 80%VO_(2max) groups significantly lower than the HFD group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the renal tubular epithelial cells in the HFD group showed mod-erate degeneration and increased glomerulosclerosis index(GSI)(P<0.05)and the degree of glomerular hypertrophy in each exercise group was significantly lower than the HFD group,with the renal tubules of the 60%VO_(2max) group showing a clearer contour and decreased GSI(P<0.05).What's more,com-pared with the CON group,the number of swollen mitochondria in the HFD group increased,but the mitochondria damage of the 60%VO_(2max) group relieved significantly compared with the HFD group.The renal mitochondrial MDA levels in the CON group increased significantly compared with the HFD group(P<0.05),and those of the exercise groups were significantly lower than the HFD group(P<0.05),with the most significant decrease in the 40%VO_(2max) group(P<0.05).Moreover,the average renal mito-chondrial SOD and membrane potential levels in the HFD group decreased significantly compared with the CON group(P<0.05),while those in the 40%and the 60%VO_(2max) groups were significantly higher than the HFD group(P<0.05).Conclusion Moderate to low intensity aerobic exercise can relieve renal dysfunction of obese rats by lowering the level of oxidative stress in renal mitochondria,mainly down-regulating such renal function biochemical indicators as SCr,serum cystatin C,and mALB,as well as alleviating the degree of renal tissue damage.
作者
徐建方
刘羽佳
杨青
李良
张斌
Xu Jianfang;Liu Yujia;Yang Qing;Li Liang;Zhang Bin(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing100061,China)
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期730-740,共11页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本23-08)。
关键词
有氧运动
肥胖
大鼠
肾功能异常
线粒体氧化应激
aerobic exercise
obesity
rat
abnormal renal function
mitochondria oxidative stress
