摘要
The musculoskeletal system,which is vital for movement,support,and protection,can be impaired by disorders such as osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and muscular dystrophy.This review focuses on the advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,specifically aimed at alleviating these disorders.It explores the roles of cell therapy,particularly Mesenchymal Stem Cells(MSCs)and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells(ADSCs),biomaterials,and biomolecules/external stimulations in fostering bone and muscle regeneration.The current research underscores the potential of MSCs and ADSCs despite the persistent challenges of cell scarcity,inconsistent outcomes,and safety concerns.Moreover,integrating exogenous materials such as scaffolds and external stimuli like electrical stimulation and growth factors shows promise in enhancing musculoskeletal regeneration.This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive studies and adopting innovative techniques together to refine and advance these multi-therapeutic strategies,ultimately benefiting patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
基金
supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)[NRF-2021K1A3A1A74095929,RS-2023-00302145,NRF-2021R1A2C2092375]
the KIST project[grant number 2E33151,2E33122]
the KUKIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Program.Figures were created using BioRender.com.
