摘要
部委机构层面的政策执行对于我国政府运作至关重要,但是由于种种原因,过往研究更多聚焦于地方政府政策执行问题。本文以2015年到2022年国家机关事业单位养老保险制度改革过程中部分超编单位的执行困局为例,重点关注部委执行机构如何在创造性执行过程中化解政策的冲突性。研究发现:部委机构层面的政策执行具有政策执行者与被执行者行政地位差距小、信息不对称程度低、政策反馈渠道通畅等特征。这使得部委机构在面临执行困局时,政策的模糊性往往较低,而冲突性较早凸显,政策的冲突性会随着政策执行阶段的递进发生变化。随着政策冲突的加剧,不同于地方政府所采用的多种变通执行方式,部委机构的政策执行困局往往能较快地以政策修正的形式来化解冲突,从而实现政策制定部门与政策执行部门的协同互动。本文初步揭示了不同于地方政府的部委机构创造性执行中的冲突与修正模式,同时为国家机关事业单位养老保险制度改革提供了可供参考的路径。
The effective implementation of policies at the ministry and national institution agency levels is vital for the functioning of the Chinese government.However,previous research has predominantly focused on policy implementation issues at the localgovernment levels.This study examines the execution dilemma faced by partially overstaffed units during the process of reforming the pension system of the public sector and national institutions from 2015 to 2022,with particular emphasis on how ministry and national institution agencies resolve policy conflicts during their creative implementation processes.The findings reveal that policy implementation at the ministry and national institution agency levels is characterized by a smaller gap in administrative status between the policy implementers and the recipients,a lower degree of information asymmetries,and smoother policy feedback channels.Consequently,when ministry and national institution agencies encounter execution dilemmas,the level of policy ambiguity tends to be lower and conflicts become evident earlier in the process.The nature of these conflicts evolves as the policy execution progresses.Unlike local governments,which often adopt various flexible implementation approaches,ministry and national institution agencies tend to resolve policy conflicts through prompt policy adjustments,facilitating collaborative interactions between the policy-making and the policy-executing bodies.This article offers preliminary insights into the conflict and adjustment patterns that differentiate ministry and national institution agencies from local governments in their creative implementation processes.Furthermore,it provides reference for the reform of the pension system in national institutions and the public sector.
作者
陈思丞
夏昕
CHEN Sicheng;XIA Xin(School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University)
出处
《公共管理评论》
CSSCI
2024年第3期149-171,共23页
China Public Administration Review
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“声誉管理、协作网络与数字时代部委机构撤并机理与动态演化研究”(项目批准号:72374124)
国家自然科学基金重大项目“大数据驱动的政策多维解析研究”(项目批准号:72293571)
清华大学自主科研计划(项目批准号:2023THZWJC23)的资助。
关键词
部委机构
创造性执行
政策冲突性
政策修正
机关事业单位养老保险制度改革
ministry and national institution agencies
creative implementation
policy conflicts
policy adjustments
pension system reform in institutions and the public sectors
