摘要
【目的】研究主干型苹果树在水肥一体化模式下的最佳水肥耦合方案。【方法】通过水肥一体化模式进行水肥耦合灌溉施肥管理,磷钾因素各设置2个水平(P1:109.5kg/hm^(2),P2:54.75 kg/hm^(2);K1:199.5 kg/hm^(2),K2:99.75 kg/hm^(2)),水因素4个水平(充分灌溉W_(1):5256m^(3)/hm^(2)、轻度亏缺W_()2:4248 m^(3)/hm^(2)、中度亏缺W_(3):1050 m^(3)/hm^(2)、重度亏缺W4:840 m^(3)/hm^(2))。采用随机区组设计,共16个处理。采用方差分析法和主成分分析法综合评价16个处理的苹果果实品质。【结果】各处理间5个果实品质指标存在显著差异,综合得分最高处理为W_(2)P_(1)K_(1),其次为W_(1)P_(1)K_(1)处理,最低处理为W_(2)P_(2)K_(2)。【结论】7种果实品质指标简化为3种关键因子指标,建立果实品质的综合评价体系,确定16个水肥处理下果实品质综合排名前五分别为W_(2)P_(1)K_(1)、W_(1)P_(1)K_(1)、W_(4)P_(1)K_(1)、W_(3)P_(1)K_(1)和W_(1)P_(2)K_(1),W_(3)P_(2)K_(2)处理排名最后。
【Objective】To explore the optimal water and fertilizer coupling scheme of the main trunk apple trees under the integrated water fertilizer mode.【Methods】Field experiments with random block design of 16 treatments(two levels of phosphorus fertilizer,P1,109.5 kg/hm^(2),P2,54.75 kg/hm^(2)were perfprmed;two levels of potassium fertilizer,K1,199.5 kg/hm^(2),K2,99.75 kg/hm^(2));and four levels of water,W_(1),full irrigation,5,256 m^(3)/hm^(2),W_(2),mild deficit,4,248 m^(3)/hm^(2),W_(3),moderate deficit,1,050 m^(3)/hm^(2),W4,severe deficit,840 m^(3)/hm^(2)were conducted to investigate the response of apple fruit quality under different water and fertilizer coupling schemes.【Results】The results revealed that the fruit quality indexes were significantly different among the treatments.The highest comprehensive score treatment of fruit quality was W_(2)P_(1)K_(1),followed by W_(1)P_(1)K_(1),and the lowest treatment was W_(2)P_(2)K_(2).【Conclusion】Principal component analysis simplified the seven fruit quality indexes into three key factors,and a comprehensive evaluation system of fruit quality was established.The top five fruit quality rankings under the 16 water and fertilizer treatments were W_(2)P_(1)K_(1),W_(1)P_(1)K_(1),W_(4)P_(1)K_(1),W_(3)P_(1)K_(1)and W_(1)P_(2)K_(1),respectively.
作者
胡志伟
杨娜
汤智辉
支金虎
迟春明
HU Zhiwei;YANG Na;TANG Zhihui;ZHI Jinhu;CHI Chunming(College of Agriculture,Tarim University/Southern Xinjiang Oasis Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Center,Tarim University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Eco-agriculture around Tarim,Aral Xinjiang 843300,China;Mechanical Equipment Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 830049,China)
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
2024年第10期2458-2464,共7页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
新疆生产建设兵团重大科技计划项目“果园主干结果型栽培技术与主要生产环节机械化技术研发与应用(2021AA005)”
塔里木大学校长基金创新团队项目“水肥高效利用创新研究团队”(TDZKCX202301)。
关键词
苹果
水肥耦合
主干型
果实品质
apple
water and fertilizer coupling
trunk apple trees
fruit quality
