摘要
从陕西省秦岭产珠子参(Panax aponicus C.A.Meyer var.major(Burk.)Wu et Feng)的根茎中分离得到7个皂甙,经^(13)SCNMR 快速原子轰击质谱(FAB-MS)等测定,并与标准品对照,其中6个分别鉴定为已知竹节参甙(chikusetsusa ponin)V(即人参甙R_o)、IV_a、齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside)、人参甙(ginse-noside)Rg2、Re 以及三七甙(notoginsenoside)R2,另一皂甙为竹节参甙 IV_a 甲酯(chikuset-Eusaportia IV_a methyl ester)、即齐墩果酸-(3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甲酯)-28-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(oleanolie acid-(3-O-β-D-glucorunopyranosyl-methylate)-28-O-β-D-glucopyra-noside),系首次从植物中分离得到。对陕西省秦岭产和云南丽江产的珠子参根茎的皂甙成分进行了比较和讨论。
From the rhizome of Panax iaponicus C.A.Meyer var.major(Burk.)Wu et Feng, collected in Qinling Mountain(Shaanxi),seven saponins were isolated.By means of ^(13)C NMR,FAB-MS and comparison with authentic samples,six of them were identified with chikusetsusaponin V(=ginsenoside R_0),Ⅳ_a,oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucoside,ginsenoside R_o,Rg_2 and notoginsenoside R_2.Another saponin was proved to be chikusetsusaponin Ⅳ_me- thylester,and its structure was elucidated to be oleanolic acid(3-O-β-D-glucorunopyranosyl- methylate)-28-O-β-D-glucopyr anoside. A comparison of sapoinin constituents of this variety collected in Qinling Mountain(Sha- anxi)and Hengduan Mountains(Yunnan)was provided.As a common characteristic of both rhizome,it has been proved that the saponins of oleanane type were main constituents and the saponins of dammarane type were minor constituents.But some differences also has been found in both materials(Tab.1).From the relationship between the biosynthesis pathway of triterpenoids and plant phytogenetics,this is a phenomenon of chemical polymorphism in a variety,which followed in the train of geographical distribution,ledto appearance of a che- mical evolution in the process of evolution and of spread of this variety.
