摘要
在磷块岩中有多种形态的磷质微生物(化石),它们是原核生物的细菌到真核生物的真菌,类似现代的细菌、放线菌和霉菌。这些磷质微生物的组成主要是磷酸钙,是磷块岩的主要组成者。该文在描述磷质微生物基本特征的基础上,全面论述了磷质微生物形成磷块岩的生物与生物化学作用和作用机理,以及磷块岩四个成矿作用阶段。
Discovery of a large amounts of phosphorus microorganism with different shapes in the phosphorites of marine facies from South China shows a new fact to organic cause of formation of phosphorites. These phosphorus microorganisms are mainly bacteria of procaryotes-fungus of eucaryotes and they are similar to some community of the modern microorganism in many aspects, such as bacteria, actinomyces and mould. These microorganisms consist mainly of phosphotic calcium, which is a main material of the phosphorites. There are a lot of factors and stages to form phosphorite, but the organic factor is a dominant crucial one. The organic phosphorus includes the absorbent, storage and accumulation in the growing process of phosphorus microorganism and under the appropriate conditions such as temperature, pH, Eh, depth and geographical location, etc. In the circumstances microorganismcomposes a circular system of the organic oxidizing and reduction as well as erosion phosphorus totransform, movement and enrichmt of the phosphorus. In the system organic process is continuously going. Phosphorus has been stored in the cell wall, cell membrane and after-birth liquid grain as the high energy phosphotic chemical compound during the organic phosphatization, so the single body, of bacteria groups and community rich in phosphorus set down in the bottom water rich in phosphorus and are going to phosphatization. And so the phosphorus accumulates again. In the whole organic and biochemical mineralization stage the physical action can be accompanied. As these actions go over and over again, there are various types of phosphorites and different compositive alignments to be formed.
关键词
磷质
微生物
成矿作用
成矿阶段
phosphorus microorganism
organic phosphatization
mineralization
mineralization stage
