摘要
本文是美国"以学生为中心"本科教学改革(SC改革)系列研究之四。本文将以学习环境和教育技术为题,简要介绍这两个领域的发展及其对SC改革的贡献。本文有三节,第一节主要介绍了三个学习环境研究的角度——发展科学角度、真实自然条件下的学习研究角度、技术条件支持下的学习环境研究角度。第二节的主题是教育技术,主要介绍三份研究报告:《教育技术发展路线图》《2018年国际新媒体联盟地平线报告》和《2017新媒体联盟中国高等教育技术展望》。这三份报告比较系统地反映了2010年以来美中两国在高等教育领域中教育技术发展的基本情况。第三节着重讨论人工智能(AI)与智能化个性化学习辅导系统(IPTS)的关系。作者认为,尽管近些年国内外学者对IPTS系统期望甚高,但当前阻碍其发展的两个障碍是网络化教学的普及程度和大学教学研究水平。如果这两个方面没有突破性进展,就不可能开发出真正的IPTS系统。因此作者建议,在当前AI技术条件下,应该采用多学科专家联合攻关的方法,共同开发以课程为中心的专用IPTS,并最终构成促成具有普适性的IPTS。
This paper,the fourth in the series of Student-Centered Undergraduate Education Reform(SC Reform)in the United States,focuses on introducing and discussing in three sections two topics:learning environment and educational technology.The first section discusses learning environments studies from 3 different lenses:1)developmental science,2)authentic learning contexts,and 3)technology-enhanced learning systems.Centering around the topic of educational technology,the second section introduces three reports:'Roadmap of Educational Technology Development'(2010),'2018 NMC Horizon Report'and'2017 NMC China higher Education Technology Outlook'.The three reports document the development of educational technology tools in higher education both in the United States and China since 2010.The third section is devoted to a discussion of the relationship between AI and Intellectualized Personalized tutoring system(IPTS).In this section,the author argues that although scholars hold high expectation on AI supported IPTS in recent years,two obstacles hindering its development remain,one being universal adoption of online teaching and learning and the other being insufficient scientific studies on undergraduate education.Without breakthroughs in the two areas,development of useable IPTSs seems impossible or unrealistic.Therefore,the author suggests that current developers of IPTS should take a multi-disciplinary approach to developing course-specific IPTSs.In this way,course-specific IPTSs may eventually grow into general IPTSs.
出处
《高等工程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期7-25,共19页
Research in Higher Education of Engineering
关键词
以学生为中心
本科教学改革
学习环境
教育技术
人工智能
个性化学习
个性化学习辅导系统
Student-centeredness
undergraduate education reform
learning environment
educational technology
artificial intelligence
personalized leaning
personalized learning tutoring system
