摘要
【目的】加强塔里木河流域胡杨林的生态保护,维系胡杨林植被系统的多样性、稳定性和完整性。【方法】从样点、样带、整个补水区3个尺度,对胡杨长势、胡杨林密度、冠幅、株高、胸径及生理指标进行了调查和测定;分析了叶尔羌河中、下游荒漠河岸林胡杨的空间分布特征,以及距水源远近对胡杨林群落特征的影响。【结果】1)随着距生态闸距离的增大胡杨长势越差,且单位面积内(植)株(个)数胡杨树数量也呈下降趋势,到距离生态闸600 m处样方内仅有少量胡杨;树高、冠幅呈现出先增大后减少的趋势;叶河中游和下游距离300、450、600 m处胡杨高度分别较距150 m增加了50.1%和59.4%、46.2%和38.7%、47.6%和53.4%;胡杨胸径呈增加的态势;2)淹灌水随着补给量的减少,胡杨林密度减小;叶河中游和下游距离生态闸口150、300、450、600 m处胡杨密度分别是0.1、0.08、0.048、0.032和0.15、0.06、0.03、0.03株/m2;生态补水后,胡杨年轮宽度呈现出不同程度的增加,平均的增幅为46.63%。【结论】生态输水一定程度上缓解了胡杨的水分胁迫,使得胡杨生长环境得以好转。
【Objective】Strengthening the ecological protection of P. euphratica forest in Tarim River Basin, maintain the diversity of Populus Euphratica forest vegetation system, stability and integrity.【Method】The growth of Populus Euphratica, density of Populus Euphratica, crown width, plant height, DBH and physiological indexes were investigated and determined from three scales: sample point, sample zone and the whole water supply area. 【Result】1)With the increase of the distance from the ecological lock, euphrates poplar grew worse. And the density of Populus Euphratica also showed a decreasing trend. There was only a small amount of Populus Euphratica in the sample square 600 m away from the ecological sluice;the tree height and crown width showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing;The height of Yarkant River at 300 m, 450 m and 600 m of the middle and lower reaches of the Yarkant river increased by 50.1%, 59.4%, 46.2%, 38.7%, 47.6% and 53.4%;the DBH of Populus Euphratica showed an increasing trend. 2)With the decrease of flood irrigation, the density of Euphrates poplar forest decreases;The density of Populus Euphratica at 150 m, 300 m, 450 m, and 600 m from the ecological gate in the middle and lower reaches of Yarkant River was 0.1, 0.08, 0.048, 0.032 plant/m2, 0.15, 0.06, 0.03, and 0.03 plant/m2, respectively. After ecological water replenishment, the width of annual rings of Populus Euphratica increased by 46.63% on average.【Conclusion】Ecological water transfer alleviates the water stress of Populus Euphratica to a certain extent and improves the growth environment of Populus Euphratica.
作者
高生峰
叶茂
赵新风
李金
GAO Shengfeng;YE Mao;ZHAO Xinfeng;LI Jing(College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第S2期29-35,共7页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41461045)
关键词
胡杨
长势
生态输水
叶尔羌河
Populus Euphratica
growth
ecological water conveyance
Yarkant River
