摘要
乌江渡水库-构皮滩电站江段汇水区域内磷矿开采及化工行业分布密集,大量含磷废水通过地下水及地表径流进入乌江,构皮滩电站为这些含磷废水的主要受纳水体。为掌握构皮滩电站沉积物空间分布情况及沉积物总磷(TP)、磷的赋存形态等特征,于2016年10月在乌江渡水库、构皮滩电站设置8个采样点进行采样,并研究了4个沉积物柱芯磷的赋存形态。结果显示,构皮滩电站沉积物分布呈大坝至库尾逐渐变薄趋势,电站坝前沉积物柱芯长度均为10 cm,库底沉积物开始出现在距离大坝30~60 km之间。乌江渡水库沉积物TP含量在970.52~3626.22 mg/kg,构皮滩电站沉积物TP含量范围在1587.88~6346.10 mg/kg。乌江渡水库沉积物中的磷赋存形态以NaOH-P及HCl-P为主,其中又以NaOH-P居多,其占沉积物TP含量的平均占比为33.91%~49.51%。构皮滩电站沉积物中,磷的主要赋存形态以HCl-P、NaOH-P为主。对比国内其他水库、湖泊,构皮滩电站钙结合态磷(HCl-P)占比明显高于乌江渡水库及其他水库、湖泊的HCl-P占比。
Phosphate mining and chemical industry are densely distributed in the catchment of the Wujiangdu reservoir-Goupitan Reservior segment in Wujiang River. Large amounts of phosphorus wastewater directly enter Wujiang River through groundwater and surface runoff. To study the characteristic of spatial distribution of sediments and the amounts of total phosphorus( TP) and phosphorus forms in sediments of Goupitan Reservoir,8 sediment samples are observed and analyzed from Wujiangdu Reservoir and Goupitan Reservoir in October 2016. The results indicated that the sediment distribution tends to be thinner from the dam to the rear of the reservoir. The length of sediment core in the dam is about 10 cm. Sediments at the bottom of the reservoir began to appear between 30-60 km to the dam. The total phosphorus in Wujiangdu Reservoir sediment ranged from 970. 52-3626. 22mg/kg. The total phosphorus in Goupitan Reservoir sediment ranged from 1587. 88-6346. 10 mg/kg. NaOH-P and HCl-P were the main forms of phosphorus in Wujiangdu reservoir sediments,and the amounts of NaOH-P are more than HCl-P. NaOH-P and HCl-P were the main forms of phosphorus in Goupitan reservoir sediments. Compared with the sediments of several lakes and reservoirs in different areas,the percentages of HCl-P are significantly higher than Wujiangdu reservoir's sediments and others'.
出处
《环保科技》
2017年第4期41-47,共7页
Environmental Protection and Technology
基金
基金项目:乌江流域水体达标方案
关键词
构皮滩电站
沉积物
空间分布
磷赋存形态
Goupitan reservoir
sediments
spatial distribution
Phosphorus forms
