摘要
以菌渣、土壤和黄瓜为试材,采用不同体积比的菌渣还田方法,设置菌渣体积占比为10%(T1)、20%(T2)、30%(T3)、40%(T4)、50%(T5)的5个处理,以不添加菌渣土壤为对照(CK),研究了不同处理下黄瓜根际土壤理化性质、根际细菌群落和产量的差异,以期为筛选出适宜黄瓜生长发育的最佳基质配方,增加菇渣的利用效率和经济效益提供参考依据。结果表明:1)与CK相比,菌渣还田显著降低了土壤容重和pH,但增加了土壤EC值;其中,T4处理下土壤中的全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、全磷(TP)和有效磷(AP)含量相比于CK增加最多;2)T4处理的过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性显著高于CK,T3处理的碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性显著高于CK;3)T4处理的Observed_specie指数显著高于CK,T5处理的Chao1指数显著高于CK,T4处理的Shannon指数和Simpson指数显著高于CK;变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)的相对丰富度均增加,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)的相对丰富度均降低;芽单胞菌科(Gemmatimonadaceae)的相对丰富度均降低,假单胞菌科(Pseudomonadaceae)、芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)和根瘤菌科(Rhizobiaceae)的相对丰富度均增加;4)与CK相比,不同体积菌渣还田均可提高黄瓜产量,其中T4处理的667 m^(2)产量最高,为6094.8 kg,较CK增加了35.88%。综上所述,不同比例菌渣还田能够不同程度的改善土壤理化学性状、酶活性、微细菌多样性和黄瓜产量等指标。
Taking mushroom residue,soil and cucumber as the test materials,and different volume ratio of bacteria and residue were used to return to the field.Five treatments with 10%(T1),20%(T2),30%(T3),40%(T4),50%(T5)of mushroom residue volume were designed,and the soil without mushroom residue was used as the control(CK).The differences of physical and chemical properties,rhizosphere bacterial community and yield of cucumber rhizosphere soil under different treatments were studied,in order to screen out the best matrix formula suitable for cucumber growth and development,and provide a reference for increasing the utilization efficiency and economic benefits of mushroom residue.The results showed that,1)compared with CK,mushroom residue returning significantly reduced soil bulk density and pH,but increased soil EC value.Among them,the contents of total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),total phosphorus(TP)and available phosphorus(AP)in soil under T4 treatment increased the most compared with CK.2)The activities of catalase and urease in T4 treatment were significantly higher than those in CK,and the activities of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase in T3 treatment were significantly higher than those of CK.3)Observed_specie index of T4 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK,Chao1 index of T5 treatment was significantly higher than that of CK,T5 was the highest,Shannon index and Simpson index of T4 treatment were significantly higher than those of CK;the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota increased,while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Acidobacteriota decreased.The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadaceae decreased,while the relative abundance of Pseudomonadaceae,Bacillaceae and Rhizobiaceae increased.4)Compared with CK,different volumes of mushroom residue could increase the yield of cucumber,and the yield of 667 m^(2) in T4 treatment was the highest,which was 6094.8 kg,which was 35.88%higher than that of CK.In summary,different proportions of bacterial residue returning to the field could improve soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity,microbial diversity and cucumber yield to varying degrees.
作者
王彦丽
周娟
韦峰
李梅花
胡豪
张亚红
WANG Yanli;ZHOU Juan;WEI Feng;LI Meihua;HU Hao;ZHANG Yahong(College of Wine and Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)
出处
《北方园艺》
北大核心
2025年第6期111-120,共10页
Northern Horticulture
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2021BEF02016,2023BCF01054)。
关键词
菌渣还田
土壤养分
根际细菌群落
黄瓜
产量
returning bacterial residue to field
soil nutrients
rhizosphere bacterial community
cucumber
yield
