摘要
2011年7月~2012年6月期间,对大气散射系数、颗粒物浓度及气象因子进行同步观测,以评估颗粒物散射消光对杭州市大气能见度的影响.结果表明,杭州市大气颗粒物散射系数日均值变化范围为108.4~1 098.1 Mm-1,年均值为428.62Mm-1±200.2 Mm-1.散射系数呈明显的季节变化,秋冬高,夏季低.日变化呈典型的双峰型,早峰出现在08:00,晚峰出现在21:00.PM2.5和PM10的散射效率分别为7.6 m2·g-1和4.4 m2·g-1,颗粒物散射消光占总消光比例的90.2%.灰霾和重度灰霾天气下,散射系数分别为684.4 Mm-1±218.1 Mm-1和1 095.4 Mm-1±397.7 Mm-1,达到非霾天气的2.6和4.2倍,表明颗粒物散射消光作用是导致杭州市大气能见度下降和灰霾天气发生的主要因素.
In order to evaluate the influence of particle scattering on visibility, light scattering coefficient, particle concentrations and meteorological factor were simultaneously monitored from July 2011 to June 2012 in Hangzhou. Daily scattering coefficients ranged from 108. 4 to 1 098. 1 Mm - 1 , with an annual average concentration of 428. 6 Mm - 1 ± 200. 2 Mm - 1 . Seasonal variation of scattering coefficients was significant, with the highest concentrations observed in autumn and winter and the lowest in summer. It was found there were two peaks for the average diurnal variations of the scattering coefficient, which could be observed at 08:00 and 21:00. The scattering efficiencies of PM2. 5 and PM10 were 7. 6 m2·g - 1 and 4. 4 m2·g - 1 , respectively. The particle scattering was about 90. 2 percent of the total light extinction. The scattering coefficients were 684. 4 Mm - 1 ± 218. 1 Mm - 1 and 1 095. 4 Mm - 1 ± 397. 7 Mm - 1 in hazy and heavy hazy days, respectively, which were 2. 6 and 4. 2 times as high as in non-hazy weather, indicating that particle scattering is the main factor for visibility degradation and the occurrence of hazy weather in Hangzhou.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第12期4422-4430,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
浙江省环境保护科研计划项目(2012B004)
杭州市重大科技创新专项(20131813A03)
杭州市科技发展计划项目(20120433B03
20130533B04)
杭州市环境保护科研计划项目(2012001)
关键词
能见度
PM2.5
散射系数
消光系数
散射效率
灰霾
visibility
PM2.5
scattering coefficient
extinction coefficient
scattering efficiency
haze
