摘要
宋元時期,'來'從概數助詞又進一步發展演化出比況助詞的用法,其典型的組配格式為'N來A'。這一用法在宋元明時期還相對較為活躍,進入清代則開始走向衰落,大致在現代漢語早期退出了歷史的舞臺。致使比況助詞'來'衰落及其消亡的因素是複雜的,內因是'來'的虛化不夠徹底,制約了它組配能力的擴展,外因是随著比況助詞系統的成熟,其他成員逐漸侵佔了'來'的分佈空間,並最終將其擠壓出了這一系統。
During Song and Yuan Dynasty,the auxiliary of approximate number 'lai' further evolved a new function—the auxiliary with figurative signification,whose typical equipping format is 'N lai A'.This usage frequently appeared in the discourse of Song,Yuan and Ming Dynasties,while it was on the wane during Qing Dynasty,and disappeared from the scene in approximately Modern Chinese.The factors that lead to its decline and demise are complicated.The internal factor is that 'lai' is empty and incomplete,which restrains its capacity of distribution.The external factor is that,with the maturation of the comparative words system, ' lai' was gradually encroached by other comparative words and finally was squeezed out of the system.
作者
張言軍
Zhang Yanjun;School of Liberal Arts,Xinyang Normal University
出处
《汉语史研究集刊》
CSSCI
2017年第1期25-40,共16页
Studies on the History of Chinese Language
基金
2015年度國家社科基金重大招標項目“湘與黔桂邊跨方言跨語言句法語義比較研究”(15ZDB105)
信陽師範學院2014年度青年骨幹教師資助計劃(2014GGJS-18)
信陽師範學院博士科研啟動基金項目的資助
关键词
比況助詞
來
形成機制
衰落動因
comparative word
lai
formation mechanism
fading motivation
