摘要
两宋时期的赈灾救荒措施从性质上看 ,可分为三类 :纯行政性措施、市场性措施与社会性措施。其中 ,纯行政性措施多行于北宋时期 ,南宋以后渐趋减少 ;市场性措施从熙丰年间以后逐渐增多 ,南宋以后一直沿用 ,但不及北宋中后期典型 ;社会性措施作为纯行政性措施的补充形式 ,早在北宋中前期即已开始实行 ,但大规模的应用却是南宋以后的事。这一变化过程 ,反映出宋朝赈灾救荒措施的市场化与社会化趋势 ,即国家职能从独揽社会事务向调动市场、组织社会、参与经营的方向转变 ,同时也意味着中国古代传统荒政的一次重要转型。
The measure for relieving famine and disaster in Song dynasties can be categorized into tree types from the properties: the simple administrative measure, the market measure and the social measure. the simple administrative measure was used widely during the North Song dynasty, but it decreased gradually after the South Song dynasty ;the market measure increased gradually from the period Xi Feng of North Song dynasty ,then it continued through the south song dynasty, but it was not tipical than the middle and later stage of North Song dynasty; the social measure was put into practice as a supplement of the simple administrative measure from the earlier and middle stage of North Song dynasty, and then ,it was used widely since the South Song dynasy. The process of the change reflected the tendency of marketalization and socialization of the measure for relieving famine and disaster in the Song dynasties. It was also said that the government function was changed from interfering with social activities directly to regulating market ,organizing society and participating in management. It means that the measure for relief of a famine in ancient china had taken place an important transition.
出处
《西南师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第1期124-130,共7页
Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
两宋
赈灾救荒
行政性
市场化
社会化
The Song Dynasties
the measure for relieving famine and disaster
socialization
marketalization
administrative
