摘要
为了建立技术简便、成本低廉的二系杂交小麦种子生产体系 ,选育适应范围广泛的温敏不育系 ,采用多点分期播种和分期剪穗再生分蘖等方法 ,调查分析了小麦温度敏感不育系 A3314的育性转换条件 ,结果表明 :A3314在中国黄淮冬麦区、云贵冬麦区、西北春麦区、东北春麦区各点 ,按当地小麦生产正季播种均表现稳定雄性不育 ,雄性不育的安全播种期达 6 0 d左右 ;而在黄淮和云贵冬麦区春播、夏播则自交结实 ,适宜条件下自交结实率可达 6 0 %以上。杨陵 10期分期播种和 8期分期剪穗再生分蘖的育性与各期孕穗至开花期间的日平均气温、空气相对湿度、日长的关系分析表明 :A3314的育性具有温度敏感特性 ;孕穗期前后 8d,即减数分裂至单核期 ,是其育性转换的敏感时期 ,此期处于 >18.3℃温度条件下 ,A3314则由雄性不育转换为可育 ;育性转换与日长无显著相关 ;在敏感期>18℃的可育环境下 ,自交结实率与 4 0 %～ 80 %范围内的空气相对湿度呈显著正相关。根据 A 3314的温敏特性 ,推测它在中国大部分小麦产区均可安全用于杂交小麦制种。
To establish the two line hybrid wheat seed production system, which is easy use and low cost, and to breed the thermo sensitive male sterile wheat lines that could be used in wide range areas, experiments on the thermo sensitivity of the thermo sensitive male sterile wheat line A3314, which was bred by applying the technology of Chinese invention patent 00105488.00, were conducted through multi locus , multi locus sowing at different time and redeveloped tillers of the cut tillers at different time. Analysis on the findings of these experiments showed that the male fertility of A3314 is stable male sterile while sowing at the local wheat sowing stage in winter wheat production area of the Yellow River and Huaihe River valleys, Yunnan Guizhou winter wheat production area, Northwest spring wheat production area and Northeast spring wheat production area, and the secure sowing date to guarantee A3314 male sterile is around 60 days during the local wheat sowing dates; on the other hand, the male fertility of A3314 is male fertile and the selfed seed rates will be over 60% while sowing in spring or summer in winter wheat production area of the Yellow River and Huaihe River valleys and Yunnan Guizhou winter wheat poduction area. Correlation analysis on the selfed seeds rates of 10 different sowing dates and of redeveloped tillers of cut tillers at 8 different dates with the corresponding air temperature , air humidity and day length during the booting to flowering stage in Yangling showed that the male fertility of A3314 is thermo sensitive ; the sensitive stage of fertility exchange is in the period of 8 days around booting stage, i.e. from miosis to mononucleate stage;the male fertility of A3314 is male fertile while the temperature is over 18.3℃ during the sensitive stage;there is no significant relationship between the male fertility exchange of A3314 and day length; on the conditions of temperatures over 18℃, there is positive correlation between the selfed seed rates of A3314 and the humidity while the humidity range in 40%~80%. Based on the analysis of the thermo sensitive characters of A3314, A3314 will be securely applied in hybrid seed production in most of wheat production areas of China.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第1期1-6,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
"8 63"计划资助项目 (2 0 0 1AA2 410 43 )
