摘要
建立动车组车体有限单元模型,计算整备状态下的车体模态,以车体主要板件厚度为设计变量,用数值微分法计算整备壮态下车体模态频率对板件厚度的灵敏度;通过灵敏度分析车体各部件对车体模态的影响规律,并基于灵敏度合理选择设计变量,以提高车体低阶模态频率和降低车体质量互为目标和约束条件,建立优化设计数学模型,实现了车体优化设计,优化后车体一阶菱形模态和一阶垂弯模态频率分别提高了1.05 Hz在和0.95 Hz,但保持了车体质量不增加,分析校核了优化后的车体强度。优化结果表明,所提出的基于灵敏度的综合提高车体性能的优化设计方法在显著提高车体前二阶模态频率的同时,保持车体质量不增加,并保持车体强度相对不降低,综合提高了车体性能,取得了明显的优化效果。
The finite element model of car body of the electric multiple unit(EMU) is established, the car body modals are calculated in the preparation conditions by using of the finite element method, then the plate thicknesses are used as the design variables, the sensitivities of the modal frequencies with respect to the design variables are achieved by using of the numerical differential method. The influence rules of components of car body with respect to the modals are analyzed and the design variables are chosen reasonablly basing on modal sensitivities, then the optimization models are set up, the weight and lower order modal frequencies are each other chosen as the objective function and restriction conditions, the optimization designs are performed and a additions of 1.05 Hz and 0.95 Hz for first diamond modal and first bending modal are achieved respectively, but the weight of car body is not increased and the strengths of car body is not depressed relatively.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期93-101,共9页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(TRL1402)
关键词
动车组车体
灵敏度
模态频率
优化设计
electric multiple unit(EMU) car body
sensitivity
modal frequency
optimization design
