摘要
以内布拉斯加州普拉特河谷为例,详细分析了地下水开采对河流流量衰减的影响。计算了从1981年10月1日～1986年9月30日5年期间,普拉特河南、北两侧在抽水期间和抽水后期河流基流的减少和河流入渗的增加。其结果表明:无论是南侧还是北侧,抽水后期对河流流量影响的程度要明显大于抽水期间的;在河流南、北侧,抽水对河流基流的减少和河流入渗的增加影响恰恰相反。抽水在河流南侧对河流基流量减少的影响要明显大于河流的北侧,对河流渗漏量增加的影响却明显小于河流的北侧。这是因为在河流南侧,地下水水位高出河水位的值要大于河流的北侧。地下水位高出河水位的值越大,抽水对河流基流量减少的影响越明显,对河流渗漏增加的影响却微弱。这些信息对该地区,或类似地区水资源的合理开发利用是极其重要的。
The authors investigated the characters of stream flow depletion in the Platte River valley,central Nebraska.Analysis was made on the average annual volumes of the reduced base flow and induced infiltration at both north and south sides of the river during and post pumping periods.The simulation results show that the volumes of reduced base flow and induced infiltration in the post pumping period were obviously larger than those during pumping period at the both north and south sides of the river.The spatial characters of reduced base flow and induced infiltration at north and south sides were different,the reduced base flow at south side was obviously bigger than that at north side,but the induced infiltration was opposite.The reason was that the hydraulic head difference between river stage and the groundwater level at south side was bigger than that at north side.A larger hydraulic head difference would result in a larger reduced baseflow and a smaller induced infiltration.This kind of information is very important for engineers to reasonably use water resources in the study area and can be useful for similar cases.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第2期112-116,共5页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
美国地质调查局资助项目(1434 HQ 96 GR 02683)
关键词
地下水
开采
河流
流量
美国
普拉特河谷
groundwater pumping
reduced base flow
induced infiltration
depletion of stream flow
visual MODFLOWK
