摘要
丁士美二十八岁时中举,排名第19。其后两次会试都名落孙山,第三次会试因为丁忧未能参加。直到明嘉靖三十八年时,终于闯过会试,排名第267。随后在殿试中大魁天下。从丁士美状元身上,可以看出鼎盛时期的明代科举制度具有以下主要特征:其一,科举是社会阶层保持流动的合理机制,为底层人改变命运提供了最重要的途径;其二,科举制的核心是公平原则,是人才选拔史上最合理的模式;其三,对于人才个体而言,科举是实现自身才能与价值的大路,是有志者不断奋发的动力;其四,科举的宗旨是举荐全面优秀的实用人才;其五,科举是科学、完善、健全的选才机制。
Ding Shimei passed the provincial civil service examination when he was 28 years old, ranking19 th in that examination. However, he failed in next two metropolitan examinations. In addition, because of melancholy, he did not take metropolitan examination in the 3 rd time. Finally Ding passed metropolitan examination until the 38 th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, ranking 267 th in the examination. Ding came out first in the following palace examination. From Number One Scholar Ding, we can find there are 5 key features of the imperial examination system of Ming, a Dynasty which in the heyday. Firstly, imperial examination system is a reasonable system for keeping the transformation of social stratification. It is an important way for disadvantaged people to change their life. Secondly, the central tenet of imperial examination system is fairness;it’s also the most reasonable system in ancient personnel selection history. Thirdly, for talents personally, imperial examination system is not only a broad avenue for achieving their talent and value, but also a power to push aspirants keep working hard. Fourthly, the aim of imperial examination system is recommending practical comprehensive talents. Fifthly, imperial examination system is a system which is rather scientific, perfect, and sound.
作者
丁组宏
Ding Zuhong(Nanjing University of the Arts,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210013)
出处
《考试研究》
2019年第2期99-104,共6页
Examinations Research
关键词
丁士美
成才之路
明朝科举
Ding Shimei
the Avenue of Becoming Successful
the Imperial Examination System during Ming Dynasty
