摘要
目的 观察 10 0名初次出海航行大学生的晕船病发生率及其影响因素 ,为预防晕船病提供科学依据。方法 10 0名健康男性大学生 ,首次在海上航行 13d。在海况变化时对他们的晕船病发生率、症状和分度进行观察。同时观察风速、涌高、风浪持续时间、船速、船横摇程度和居住舱的位置、人数和通风设备。结果 晕船病总发生率为 39.0 % ,其中轻度 3.0 % ,中度 36 .0 %。航行第 4 ,6 ,9,12天晕船病的发生率分别为 37.0 % ,2 .0 % ,12 .0 %和 4 .0 %。当时风速 2 .5～ 8.2 m/s、涌高 0 .5～ 1.5 m、船横摇程度 4°～ 12°、风浪持续时间为 1.5～ 15 .0 h。居住舱 8号 b舱的学生晕船病发生率明显高于通风较好的a舱的学生。结论 海上连续航行 6～ 12 d,6 7%以上晕船学生可养成前庭适应。风浪和涌是引起晕船病的主要因素。风浪持续时间延长可增加晕船病发生率。居住舱的空气质量也是影响晕船病的重要因素。
Objective To observe the prevalence of seasickness in 100 students during a first time voyage and to probe its affecting factors in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention of seasickness.Methods 100 male healthy students who had never sailed on the sea were chosen to join a 13 day sea voyage.Symptoms and severity of seasickness as well as its occurrence rates were observed during different sea conditions,including wind speed,surge height,time duration of rough sea,speed of the ship,degree of side sway of the ship, the location,number of room members and ventilation installations of the living cabin.Results The total occurrence of seasickness was 39.0% and for mild and moderate cases were 3.0% and 36.0% respectively.At the 4 th,6 th,9 th and 12 th day of the voyage,the occurrence of seasickness was 37.0%,2.0%,12.0%and 4.0%,respectively;and at the same time,the wind speed was 2.5~8.2 m/s,the surge height was 0.5~1.5 m,the degree of side sway was 4°~12°,and the time duration of rough sea was 1.5~15.0 h.The students in living cabin No.8 b had significantly higher occurrence of seasickness than the students in No.8 a which had better ventilation.Conclusions Most (over 67%)of the seasickness students developed vestibular adaptation within 6~12 days of sea voyage.High sea wave and surge might be the main factors in inducing seasickness.The prolonged duration of the rough sea may increase the prevalence of seasickness and the air quality in the living cabin is considered to be an importante influencing factor.
出处
《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第1期29-32,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine
基金
全军"十五"医药卫生基金
关键词
晕船病
发生率
海况
Seasickness Prevalence Sea condition
