摘要
目的:探讨乳头、乳晕区神经走行和分布及其临床意义。方法:采用成年女尸乳房标本,在立体光学显微镜下解剖观察乳头、乳晕区的神经分布,结合乳头、乳晕区新鲜标本冷冻、切片和HE染色,取典型断面,用体视学方法观察不同层面内四个象限中神经纤维的分布密度。结果:①分布于乳头、乳晕区的神经来自第3、第4、第5肋间神经的外侧皮支和前皮支,以及穿乳腺组织的深支。②第4肋间神经外侧皮支于左乳4点钟、右乳8点钟位置进入乳头、乳晕区,支配乳头的神经主要来自第4肋间神经外侧皮支。③乳头、乳晕外下象限神经分布较其他象限密集。④乳头、乳晕区神经分布密度呈向心性递增。结论:胸部手术,尤其是乳房整形术中应尽量避免损伤第3、4、5肋间神经的外侧皮支和前皮支,特别注意保护第4肋间神经外侧皮支和乳头、乳晕区外下象限的神经,以免造成乳头、乳晕区感觉障碍。
Objective:The purpose of this anatomical study is to investigate the innervation of the nipple- areola,and to offer-suggestions for preserving the sensation in the nipple- areola. Methods: An anatomical study was performed on the innervation of 16 breasts of female cadavers with light microscope. Histological analysis was undertaken on 10 breasts of the female following breast cancer operation. Using the histoehemical maker staining neuronal tissue, we were able to demonstrate the innervation of the nipple - areola. Results: 1. The nipple - areola innervation was consistently supplied by anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 4th intercostal nerve, with an additional innervation by cutaneous branches to the 3rd and 5th intercostal nerves. 2. The main nerve supplying the nipple was the lateral cutaneous branches of the 4th intercostal nerves.3.The lateroinferior innervation in the nipple - areola was denser than that of other parts. 4. The nipple - areola innervation was gradually denser and denser eseeually in the nipple. Conclusion: During the surgical procedures one should avoid the damage to the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 3rd,4th and 5th intercostal nerves,with special attention to the 4th intercostal nerve and the lateroinferior nipple- areola. This is important for the sensation of the nipple - areola.
出处
《解剖与临床》
2003年第1期13-15,共3页
Anatomy and Clinics
关键词
乳头乳晕
神经分布
应用解剖学
Nipple - areola
Nerve innervation
Applied anatomy
