摘要
让海南山蛭在活兔身上吸血,幼体平均吸血量为0.7449g/10条,亚成体平均为7.6307g/10条,成体平均为20.4524g/10条。吸血过程通过肾孔排液量幼体平均为0.4007g/10条,亚成体平均为3.7568g/10条,成体平均为6.4512g/10条。宿主伤口流血量幼体平均为0.8404g/10条,亚成体平均为1.0725g/10条,成体平均为4.6486g/10条。在室内从幼蛭开始饲养,在活兔身上吸血四次,第一、二次为幼体阶段,第三次后为亚成体阶段,第四次后为成体,历期一年完成一生命周期。每次吸血量引起体重明显增加,使生长动态曲线上升相当距离,成为跳跃式生长曲线,每次吸血后几天内曲线明显下降,每次吸血后至下次吸血前这段曲线呈下降趋势。文章记述了交配产卵过程,在室内4～11月份为产卵季节,每次产卵历期平均47.5天,每条山蛭平均产下卵袋数6.7个,平均经20.4天孵化,每个卵袋平均孵化幼蛭9.3条,卵袋孵化率为77.4％。
1, Feeding, The blood-sucking process of Haemadipsa hainana has been described. The bloodsucking weight averaging 0. 7449g/10 juveniles, 7. 6387g/10 subadults, 20. 4524g/10 adults. The nephridiopore fluid-excreting weight averaging 0. 4007g/10 juvenile, 3. 7563g/10 subadults, 6. 4214g/10 adults during blood-sucking. The blood-flowing weight of host wound averaging 0. 8404g/10 juveniles, 1. 0725g/l0 subadults, 4. 6486g/10 adults, due to leech-bitting. The bloodflowing weight=blood-sucking weight + fluid-excreting weight+blood-flowing of the wound. 2,The growth. In the field, the cocoons laid by parent in July or August, and the juvenile are hatched in September or October Under laboratory condition, the newly hatched juvenile grows and develops. In October of the following year, some of the leeches come to maturity and breed, the life cycle is achieved in a year. During the period, the leeches take four meals on living rabbit. After the third-fed, individuals come to subadult, after fourth-fed individuals come to full maturity. The curve of growth dynamics displays saltatory growth. The curve shows an important trophic effect of blood-sucking due to that leeches take one meal in the long time and the weight of blood-sucking is large so the curve displays saltatory growth. The curve shows, the body weights decrease obviously a few days after every blood-sucking since that decrease slowly in the long time. The weight of every blood-sucking is larger than body weight increased in long time. 3, Reprodution. When body weights exceeded 0. 1338g,length exceeded 25mm, the individuals come to full maturition. The clitellates of maturitive individuals become larger and yellow-grey. The process of copulating and cocoon-depositing is described. The cocoon-laying season is in April to November (especially August/September). The duration of cocoon-laying is 20-88 days (average 47. 5 days). The every leech deposited 4-8. 15 cocoons (average 6. 7). The time of hatching is 16 -25 days (average 20. 4 days). The hatching rate is 77. 4%. The every cocoons hatched 6-17 juveniles (average 9).
出处
《海南大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
1992年第1期16-23,共8页
Natural Science Journal of Hainan University
基金
国家自然科学基金
