摘要
采用统计学方法分析2001年至2015年民爆物品生产安全事故表明:民爆物品生产过程中存在较高的安全风险,当前安全生产形势仍较为严峻,突出表现为重特大事故未能有效遏制;年均事故率和伤亡人数较大;安全生产主体责任未有效落实;劳动密集型生产方式未发生根本改变;民爆物品生产技术与装备本质安全水平较低和"三违"、违章作业等不安全行为屡禁不止等。基于复杂系统理论,采用事故致因"2-4"模型分析了2011年至2015年民爆物品生产安全事故致因,结果表明:系统性结构缺陷是事故本质原因,其中,组织性因素、社会性因素和文化性因素的系统缺陷是诱发事故发生和同类事故反复发生的主要原因,表现为系统脆性,并有自然、技术、管理和社会等4个基本属性。根据现代事故致因理论,结合当前安全生产形势,探讨了民爆物品安全生产管控对策措施。
The 2001-2015 civil explosives production safety accident statistics shows that the high security risks exist in the production process of civil explosive articles, and the current production safety situation is grim, the outstanding performance is failed to effectively curb serious accidents that have occurred; annual accident rate and the number of casualties is larger; labour intensive production methods has no fundamental change; the essential safety level of production technology and equipments is lower; 'Three violations', illegal operations and other unsafe behavior is repeated, and so on. Based on complex system theory and using the '2-4' accident reason model,the 2011-2015 accident causation analysis shows that the systemic and structural defects are the essential reasons, the systemic defects of organizational factors, social factors and cultural factors are the main reason for the occurrence of similar incidents and recurrent accident, showing the system brittleness, that has 4 basic properties, which are the technology, management and society property. The safety control measures are discussed on the basis of the modern accident reason theory, combining with the current safety situation of civil explosives.
出处
《煤矿爆破》
2016年第1期8-12,共5页
Coal Mine Blasting
关键词
民爆物品
复杂系统
安全生产
事故致因
脆性
civil explosives
complex system
safe production
accident reason
brittleness theory
