摘要
为了解决煤矿充水条件的精准探测、有效预测、动态监测和水害的可靠治理问题,人工智能和信息化技术在我国煤矿水害防治技术和装备中获得广泛应用并取得重要进展。依据智能感知、智能判断和智能执行等智能化技术三要素,将煤矿防治水智能化定义为水害致灾因素的有效筛选、自动识别和精准控制的过程。从5个方面系统地总结了煤矿防治水智能化技术现状:即探测装备的智能化芯片应用及数据处理智能算法、含水层富水性分区的信息融合法及煤层底板突水预测的统计学习法、基于智能化传感器及智能算法的矿井水情(害)实时监测预警系统、水害治理工程的信息化设计及智能控制注浆系统、紧急避灾最优路径搜索及突水水源快速识别。结果表明:水害探测装备及解释方法的智能化提高了装备的抗干扰能力,实现了探测数据的快速准确处理;煤层底板突水预测的统计学习法使突水预测精度由82%提高到91%;网络并行电法监测仪在五沟煤矿提前2 d成功预报了工作面底板突水;智能化注浆系统形成了高度定制化的制浆-注浆数字化解决方案,实现全自动造浆30 m3/h;避灾抢险智能化为矿井灾害情景下的井下人员合理疏散和应急救援提供了辅助决策支持平台。提出随着智慧矿山、透明矿井技术的不断发展与完善,多源时空智能化探(监)测、玻璃水文地质、水害监测大数据挖掘、井下救援机器人等将会成为热点研究方向,并最终形成煤矿防治水智能化技术体系。
In order to solve mine water filling problems including accurate detection,effective prediction,dynamic monitoring and reliable management of water hazard,artificial intelligence and information technology have been widely applied in coal mine water controlling technology and equipment in China and great progress has been made.Based on the three elements of artificial intelligence technology,namely intelligent perception,intelligent judgment and intelligent execution,this paper defines the intelligent control of coal mine water as the process of effective screening,automatic identification and precise control of water hazard factors.Then the current intelligent coal mine water control technology is summarized from the following five aspects:detection equipment of intelligent chips and intelligent data processing algorithms,information fusion method of water-rich aquifer partition and statistical learning-based approaches of coal floor water inrush prediction,mine water situation real-time monitoring and warning system based on intelligent sensor and arithmetic,informationalized design and intelligent control grouting system of water hazard control engineering,searching for the optimal path for emergency avoidance and rapid identification of water inrush sources.The results show that the intelligentalization of water hazard detection equipment and interpretation methods have greatly improved the equipment anti-interference abilities and the calculation of parameters detected has been accelerated.The application of statistical learning methods in coal seam floor water inrush prediction improves the water inrush prediction accuracy from 82%to 91%.In Wugou Coal Mine,the network parallel electrical monitoring instrument successfully predicted the water inrush from working face floor two days in advance.In addition,the intelligent grouting system has formed a highly customized digital pulping-grouting solution scheme and realized automatic pulping 30 m3/h.Disaster prevention and rescue intelligentalization provides an auxiliary decisionmaking support platform for reasonable evacuation and emergency rescue of underground personnel under the mine disaster scenario.With the development of intelligent coal mine and transparent coal mine technologies,multi-source spatial-temporal intelligent monitoring,glass hydro-geology,big data mining for groundwater hazard situation monitoring,and underground rescue robots will become hotspsrt research fields in the future,and an intelligent technology system of coal mine water control will finally come into shape.
作者
靳德武
乔伟
李鹏
樊娟
JIN Dewu;QIAO Wei;LI Peng;FAN Juan(Xi’an Research Institute,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.,Xi’an 710077,China;Shaanxi Key Lab of Mine Water Hazard Prevention and Control,Xi’an 710077,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期10-17,共8页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0804103)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41807221)
关键词
充水条件
智能矿井
多源时空监测
玻璃水文地质
救援机器人
水害预警
透明矿业
water filling conditions
intelligent mine
multi-source space-time monitoring
glass hydro-geology
rescue robot
water hazard warning
transparent mine
