摘要
单字在汉语史上曾经是最重要的甚至是惟一的词汇单位。中古以降,大量的单字与单字相组合构成合成词,体现了单字无与伦比的构词功能。在由单字构成的合成性的词汇单位中,单字间的关系纷繁复杂,既有句法层面上的问题,也有词法层面上的问题,其中在词法的层面上以意合的方式构成的合成词占有相当大的比重。无论基于哪种层面构成的合成性的单位,只要它具备了词的属性就应该承认其词汇单位的资格。合成词当然是汉语中的一类词汇单位,而且,相比单字(虚字和实字)、联绵词和成语,它是更为重要的一类词汇单位。
Single-syllable characters used to be the most significant and furthermore unique lexical units in the development of Chinese linguistics. Since Medieval Chinese, single-syllable characters have been combined into compounds more and more, which demonstrated their exclusive capacities of word formations. The compounding could occur at the lexical and syntactic level, while the semantic compounding at the lexical level dominate the word formations. As a result, relations between those single characters are quite complex. Regardless of the varied levels where the word formations take place, composite elements ought to be identified as lexical units as long as they possess lexical attributes. Compared to other lexical units, for instance, single characters (content character or function character), and idioms, compound words play a more critical role.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第2期148-155,共8页
Studies of the Chinese Language
