摘要
为降低柴油机排放对环境造成的污染 ,用乙醇部分替代柴油 ,探索了乙醇柴油混合燃料的制备方法 ,研究了掺混乙醇及助溶剂对柴油机排放的影响 .结果表明 :无水乙醇可以和柴油以任意比例混溶 ,但痕量水 ( 0 2 %)的添加即导致混合物分层 ,合成的有机助溶剂可保证乙醇 柴油 痕量水体系的稳定性 .基于台架实验 ,考察了掺混1 0 %、2 0 %、3 0 %乙醇对燃料排放性能的影响 .乙醇的最佳掺混比为 2 0 %.在额定工况点 (功率为 1 3kW ,转速为1 5 40r/min)时 ,掺混 2 0 %乙醇的混合燃料可降低烟度 5 5 %,降低HC排放 70 %,降低CO排放 45 %.不添加助溶剂时 ,乙醇的掺混导致排放尾气中产生乙醇、微量乙醛等有机物 .而添加非金属离子助溶剂可使HC、乙醇。
The technology that diesel oil is partly substituted by ethanol can reduce diesel engine exhausts emission,especially fuel soot. This research is concentrated on preparation of ethanol diesel blend fuel and exhausts emission characteristics using diesel engine bench. Absolute ethanol can dissolve into diesel fuel at an arbitrary ratio. However, a trace of water (0.2%) addition can lead to the phase separation of blends. Organic additive synthesized during this research can develop the ability of resistance to water and maintain the stability of ethanol diesel trace amounts of water system. The effects of 10%, 20%, and 30% ethanol diesel fuel blends on exhausts emission, were compared with that of diesel fuel in direct injection (DI) diesel engine. The optimum ethanol percentage for ethanol diesel fuel blends was 20%. Using 20% ethanol diesel fuel blend with 2% additive of the total volume, bench diesel engine showed a large amount decrease of exhaust gas,eg 55% of Bosch smoke number, 70% of HC emission, and 45% of CO emission at 13 kW and 1540 r/min. Without the addition of additive, the blend of ethanol produced new organic compounds such as ethanol and acetaldehyde in tail gas. However, the addition of additive obviously reduced the emission of ethanol and acetaldehyde.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第4期1-6,共6页
Environmental Science
基金
86 3计划资源与环境技术领域课题(2 0 0 1AA6 4 30 4 0 )
关键词
乙醇柴油混合燃料
掺混比
排放特征
助溶剂
ethanol\|diesel fuel blends
blend ratio
emission characteristics
additive
