摘要
目的 :为咽旁间隙疾病的临床诊治提供解剖学基础。方法 :选用 3 9例成人尸体头颈部标本 ,分别经层次解剖和断层解剖后对照观察 ,并在咽隐窝层面横断标本上分别测量咽旁间隙及邻近结构的宽度和面积。结果 :咽旁间隙的面积为 :(4 4 7.6± 2 .18)mm2 (左 )和 (4 4 6.4± 2 .10 )mm2 (右 )。咽旁间隙被茎突及茎突诸肌分为咽旁前、后间隙 ,咽旁前间隙内有腭帆提肌、腭帆张肌等 ;咽旁后间隙内有颈内动、静脉 ,后四对脑神经等。腭帆提肌的宽度和面积为 :(14 .2 4± 0 .66)mm (左 )、(13 .88± 0 .72 )mm (右 ) ,(76.0±1.5 6)mm2 (左 )、(75 .2± 1.60 )mm2 (右 ) ;腭帆张肌的宽度和面积为 :(2 3 .60± 0 .84)mm (左 )、(2 2 .16±0 .90 )mm (右 ) ,(4 5 .8± 1.3 6)mm2 (左 )、(4 5 .0± 1.42 )mm2 (右 )。两侧咽旁间隙及邻近结构呈对称性 ,断面宽度和面积均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。茎突是达咽旁间隙的重要解剖学标志 ,其外侧主要结构是腮腺及穿经腮腺的结构 ,间隙内容均位于茎突内侧。结论 :咽旁间隙的应用解剖对咽旁间隙肿瘤等疾病的诊治具有重要的临床意义。
Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the parapharyngeal space diseases. Methods: Thirty-nine adult cadaveric head and neck specimens were selected and observed and were compared with laminar anatomy and sectional anatomy. At pharyngeal recess transverse level, parapharyngeal space and its adjacent structures were measured in the width and area. Results: The areas of the parapharyngeal space were 447.6±2.18 mm 2(left) and 446.4±2.10 mm 2(right). Parapharyngeal space was divided into two parts by styloid process and its muscles: preparapharyngeal and retroparapharyngeal space. There were levator palatini muscle and tensor palatini muscle in the preparapharyngeal space and there were internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein and last four cranial nerves in the retroparapharyngeal space. The levator palatini muscle was 14.24±0.66 mm(left) and 13.88±0.72 mm(right) in width, 76.0 ±1.56 mm 2(left) and 75.2±1.60 mm 2 (right) in area. The tensor palatini muscle was 23.60±0.84 mm(left) and 22.16±0.90 mm(right) in width, 45.8±1.36 mm 2(left) and 45.0±1.42 mm 2(right) in area. Parapharyngeal space and adjacent structures were symmetrical between two sides. There were no significant differences in the width and area between two sides ( P >0.05). The styloid process was an important anatomical mark for the operation in the parapharyngeal space. The main structures, which were in the lateral side of the space, were the parotid gland and the vessels piercing the parotid gland, All the structures in the parapharyngeal space lied to the medial of the styloid process. Conclusion: Applied anatomy of the parapharyngeal space has an important clinical significance for diagnosis and treatment of the diseases in the parapharyngeal space.
出处
《中国临床解剖学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期457-459,463,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy
关键词
咽旁间隙
颈筋膜
头颈肌
应用解剖学
parapharyngeal space
cervical fascia
muscles of head and neck
applied anatomy
