摘要
为了探明鲜贮核桃的适宜采收期及其生理基础,以‘西扶2号’青皮核桃果实为试材,研究Ⅰ(8月23号)、Ⅱ(8月29号)和Ⅲ(9月4号)3个采收期对青皮核桃果实在-1~1℃、相对湿度70%~80%条件下贮藏寿命和生理变化。结果显示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期果实采收时分别处于第1个呼吸高峰的跃变前、跃变中、跃变后阶段,采后依次出现、度过、完成第1呼吸高峰;贮藏期第2个呼吸高峰和乙烯释放高峰随采收期延迟而提前。贮藏45 d时果实腐烂指数为Ⅰ(31.47%)显著高于Ⅱ(17.8%),Ⅱ又显著高于Ⅲ(12.7%)(P<0.05)。采收时脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)含量处于高水平,吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、玉米素含量处于低水平;贮藏后期(24~30 d后)各激素含量均伴随乙烯高峰的出现而上升。得出结论:Ⅲ为鲜贮‘西扶2号’果实适宜的采收期,其果实树上成熟可能与ABA有关,采后衰老主要与乙烯生成增加有关。
To investigate the harvest date as well as its biological basis for the preservation of green walnut(Juglans regia L.) fruits, walnut fruits cv. Xifu 2 were picked on three time points Ⅰ(August 23), Ⅱ(August 29) and Ⅲ(September 4) and stored at-1–1 ℃ and a relative humidity(RH) of 70%–80%. Fruit decay and postharvest biological indices of the green husk were measured at 6-day or 9-day intervals. The first respiration peaks of fresh fruits from harvest date Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ occurred after,during and before the harvest point and correspondingly,begin,proceeded and finished in the first 6 d of storage. The second respiration peak and ethylene release peak appeared earlier for stored fruits from later harvest date. After 45-day storage, decay index(DI, 31.47%) of fruits from date Ⅰ was significant higher than that from date Ⅱ(17.8%), which was significant higher than that observed for date Ⅲ(12.7%)(P < 0.05). On the harvest dates, abscisic acid(ABA) content of the green husk was higher and indole acetic acid(IAA), gibberellin(GA) and zeatin(Zr) contents were lower in comparison with that throughout the postharvest period. The contents of all 4 hormones tested rose in the final stage in response to ethylene peak. In conclusion, harvest date Ⅲ is suitable for the preservation of Xifu 2 walnut with green husk and maturation on the tree and senescence during storage of the fruits are possibly related to increased levels of ABA content and ethylene release, respectively.
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第24期343-347,共5页
Food Science
基金
陕西省农业攻关项目(2012K01-29)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2011JQ3002)
关键词
青皮核桃
采收期
冷藏
采后生理
激素
green walnut fruit
harvest date
cold storage
postharvest physiology
hormone
