摘要
为了研究动力学控制的半间歇硝化反应过程中的放热可能造成的危险,以对氯三氟甲苯硝化反应为例,使用反应量热仪(RC1e)研究硝酸过用率、反应温度对目的反应放热的影响,对工艺放热过程进行危险性分析,并提出优化工艺条件。结果表明:该硝化反应搅拌速率到达300 r/min级以上时,反应不受搅拌速率影响;反应速率随反应温度的增高而降增,热累积度便随反应温度的增高而降增;改变对氯三氟甲苯投入量,单位质量放热量随硝酸过用率的减小而减少,反应热失控风险降低。综合分析优化条件下该反应危险严重度,属于"中级"危险。
The thermal hazard of exothermic nitration reactions with single kinetic control in semi-batch reactors,such as nitration of 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride,was analyzed by Reactor Calorimeter(RC1).The influence of overuse ratio of nitric acid and temperature on heat release rate was investigated.According to thermal analysis of reaction under different operation conditions,optimal process conditions were proposed.The results showed that the influence of stirring speed could be neglected,if its value exceeded 300 rpm;With the increase of temperature,the reaction rate accelerated and thermal accumulation decreased;The unit mass heat release decreased with decreasing of overuse ratio of nitric acid,as a result,the risk of thermal runaway reduced.Under optimal operation conditions,the severity of nitration of 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride was‘medium’.
作者
姜晓雨
陈利平
郭子超
JIANG Xiao-yu;CHEN Li-ping;GUO Zi-chao(Department of Safety Engineering,School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing 210094,China)
出处
《当代化工》
CAS
2019年第4期754-758,共5页
Contemporary Chemical Industry
基金
国家重点研发计划课题
项目号:2017YFC0804701
关键词
动力学控制
对氯三氟甲苯
硝化
热危险性
反应量热仪
Single kinetic control
4-chlorobenzotrifluoride
Nitration reaction
Thermal hazard
RC1
