摘要
对四个不同类型的玉米品种的根系分布动态及其干物质积累进行了研究。结果表明:玉米的根系分布具有相似的规律,在土壤中的垂直分布:在0～40cm耕层占总根量的50%～60%,41～70cm占25%～30%,71cm以下深层相对较少;在土壤中的水平分布:以株为中心由里向外逐渐减少,1/4行距处为40%～45%,1/2株距处为25%～30%,1/2行距处为20%～25%;但不同类型玉米品种也各有特点,掖单22的根系相对比较集中,可以减少行距和株距,增加密度;豫玉22根系分布比较分散,利于充分利用水肥条件,具有较强的抗旱性;登海9号和农大108根系垂直分布比较集中,水平分布均匀,根系在后期比较强壮,必须提供足够的水肥,并适当延长生长期,才能发挥其潜力。
Root distribution and dry mater accumulation of4different maize varieties had been investigated.The objectives of this study were(1)To investigate root characters of different type maize varieties;(2)To provide some useful information for water and fertilizer management in maize production.Horizontal and vertical directions of parameters were measured under field conditions by PT-Scan roots study device.The result showed that:in gener-al root distribution over the varieties has similar tendency,about 50%～60%of root distributed in the soil vertically form0to40cm,25%～30%of root distributed in depth from40to70cm,and only a few roots could be observed below70cm.In the horizontally distribution,root density decrease gradually from the root center to outer space,40%-45%of roots located in one fourth of row space,25%～30%and20%～25%of roots distributed within half and half row space horizontally respectively.Among different varieties,the root distribution has its own characteristics,the root distributed mainly in the space of10～40cm in depth and15cm around the plant for Yedan22,so the yield of this variety could be increased by increasing the plant density;The roots of Yuyu22can distribute in a wide area and they could reach deeper vertically and farther in horizontal directions,this trait can lead the plant absorb nutri-ents and water in the lower soil layer,so the drought resistance is better than the other varieties in the study.While the roots of Nongda108and Denghai9,which have strong activity in the later growing stage,distributed mainly in the upper layer of soil and evenly around the plant,so the yield could be rise through full irrigating and applying fer-tilizer in the later growing stage,which could elongate the growing circle.
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第3期76-79,共4页
Journal of Maize Sciences
