摘要
以耐低磷品种(正红2号)和低磷敏感品种(正红115)为材料,研究低磷土壤条件下,不同硅、磷肥料组合对玉米氮、钾吸收、利用及产量的影响。结果表明:耐低磷品种和低磷敏感品种成熟期植株氮和钾积累总量无显著差异,耐低磷品种籽粒氮积累总量、籽粒中氮分配比例和经济产量均显著高于低磷敏感品种,而耐低磷品种籽粒中钾积累量和籽粒中钾分配比例均明显低于低磷敏感品种。两个品种磷肥、硅肥以及硅、磷肥配施处理成熟期植株氮和钾积累总量、籽粒中氮和钾积累总量及经济产量均显著增加,表现出一定的硅、磷促氮钾的效应,而且还表现出一定硅磷协同作用;硅、磷配施处理灌浆结实期叶片氮转运量会降低,灌浆结实期茎叶钾素转运量会增加;耐低磷品种硅、磷配施处理籽粒中氮素分配比例增加不显著,籽粒中钾素分配比例显著增加,而低磷敏感品种硅、磷配施处理籽粒中氮素分配比例明显增加,籽粒中钾素分配比例增加不显著。综上所述,选择耐低磷品种并进行硅、磷肥配施能显著增加玉米生育前期对氮、钾养分的积累量,优化生育后期氮、钾的转运和分配比例,最终提高氮、钾利用效率及玉米产量。
The effects of different managements of phosphorus application combined with silicon on accumulation and utilization of N,K and yield of maize were investigated with low-phosphorus-tolerant variety(Zheng Hong2) and low-phosphorus-sensitive variety(Zheng Hong115) on low phosphorus soil. The results showed that there was no significant difference in total nitrogen and potassium accumulation amount of low-phosphorus-tolerant variety and low-phosphorus-sensitive variety at mature stage, and total nitrogen accumulation amount and N distribution rate in grain of low-phosphorus-tolerant variety were significantly higher than low-phosphorus-sensitive variety, but total potassium accumulation amount and K distribution rate in grain was opposite. Total nitrogen and potassium accumulation amount in whole plant, total nitrogen and potassium accumulation amount in grain, and economic yield all were increased, on the one hand these results exhibited stimulating effects of silicon and phosphorus on nitrogen and potassium accumulation, on the other hand these results exhibited synergistic effects between phosphorus and silicon; apparent nitrogen translocation amount was reduced, but apparent potassium translocation amount was increased by applying phosphorus combined with silicon; K distribution rate in grain of low-phosphorus-tolerant variety was increased significantly and N distribution rate in grain of low-phosphorus-sensitive variety was increased significantly by applying phosphorus combined with silicon. In summary, total nitrogen and potassium accumulation could be improved in the earlier growing stage, and translocation, distribution rate of N, K could be optimized in the later growth stage, and nitrogen and potassium fertilizer utilization efficiency and yield all were increased finally by choosing low-phosphorus-tolerant variety and applying phosphorus combined with silicon.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期1489-1496,共8页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B13-2)资助
关键词
磷肥
硅肥
氮
钾
积累
利用
产量
Silicon
Phosphate
Nitrogen
Potassium
Accumulation
Utilization
Yield
