摘要
目的 了解云南省男性医务人员吸烟、控烟的知识、态度和行为,为有关控烟政策的制定提供科学的背景资料和决策依据。方法 采用自行设计的调查表对云南省6个地区男性医务人员吸烟、控烟知—信—行理论(KAP)进行调查。结果(1)开始吸烟者年龄主要集中在15～25岁,占总调查人数的72.00%;85.30％的吸烟者每日吸烟量低于20支。(2)社交需要、解闷、学习(工作)压力大是吸烟者始吸的主要动因;朋友聚会、学习(工作)紧张、敬烟、情绪低落是吸烟的主要诱因;公共(娱乐)场所、办公室、家里是吸烟的主要场所;(3)KAP调查表明:吸烟者知识得分最高,态度得分次之,行为得分最低,对吸烟、控烟的态度和信念复杂多样且表现矛盾心态,形成知与行相互分离的特点。(4)吸烟者戒烟成功率为30.51％,认识到吸烟有害健康而戒烟(58.00％),自我克制法是戒烟的主要方法(84.10％)。结论 云南省男性吸烟医务人员在吸烟问题上知而不信、信而不行,不利于我省控烟运动的开展。
OBJECTIVE To know the knowledge, attitude and practices about smoking and control among male medical personnel in Yunnan Province and provide scientific evidence for forming policy about smoking control. METHODS A KAP questionnaire has been explored among male medical personnel in Kunming City and other five districts of Yunnan Provice. RESULT 1)72.00% of the smokers began to smoking when they were 15 ~ 25years old. The number of smoking was below 20per day among 83. 50% smokers; 2) The key causes for initiating smoking were social needs, pressure relief and getting rid of depression; the main inducements were involved in friends gathering, tensions, exchanging cigarettes, and low spirit; the main smoking places included public entertainment sites, offices, house; 3)The survey of knowledeg, attitude and practices (KAP) showed that the score about knowledge was the highest among the smokers, then about the attitude, and the lowest score was related to the practices. The attitudes and believes about smoking and smoking control were various, complicated and ambivalent so that their knowledge and behaviors were separate. 4)With 30. 51%, the rate of smoking cessation successfully, the key cause (58. 00% )was the self- awareness about the harm and the main means to conduct smoking cessation was to self - restrict (84. 10% ). CONCLUSION The smokers among male medical personnel in Yunnan Province know the knowledge about 'smoking and health', but not to believe and not to adopt practices, these are harmful to promote smoking control in Yunnan.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2003年第10期42-45,共4页
Chinese Primary Health Care
基金
云南省烟草公司与云南省卫生厅合作项目 批号:98A65
