摘要
地下水资源具有以下重要特性:兼具可再生性与不可再生性,发育的系统性,以及随时间的变动性。可再生的补给资源,是理论上可持续利用的地下水资源;除了特定情况外,不可再生的储存资源只能借用而不能耗用。地下水资源发育的系统性,要求以含水系统或水文系统、而不是以含水层为单元进行地下水资源评价。由于土地利用方式的改变,地下水资源是随时间而变化的,需要根据变化情况进行再评价。根据可持续发展的理念,地下水资源评价应当遵循供水永续性和生态环境可承载性原则。地下水资源评价需要采用多种方法,相互校核,以提高其成果的信度。最后以河北平原为例,探讨了深层地下水的资源属性以及合理利用地下水的途径。
Groundwater resources are of renewability and nonrenewability, with their occurence in a whole hydrologic system as a constituting part and their variability with time. The renewable resource, i.e., recharge resource, is a kind of sustainable water supply in theory, and the nonrenewable resource, i.e., storage resource is only for emergency use, not for sustainable use. Since groundwater resources occurs in an aquifer system as a constituting part, their evaluation should be carried out within the whole aquifer system or a hydrologic system, not within individual aquifers. Since the quantity of groundwater resources changes with time owing to the changes in land use, reevaluation of groundwater resources based on the conditions changing with time is needed. According to the concept of sustainable development, both sustainable water supply and protection of eco-environment are essential prerequisites for evaluation of groundwater resources. Multiple approaches to evaluation of groundwater resources are used in order to obtain satisfactory results. Exemplified by the North China Plain, the characteristics and reasonable development of groundwater resources are discussed in this paper.
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
2003年第6期1-5,共5页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
基金
中国地质调查局综合研究项目资助(200320150002)
关键词
地下水资源
开发
利用
深层地下水
可持续发展
groundwater resources
the characteristics of groundwater resources
reasonable development
the concept of sustainable development
