摘要
前人把我国飞蝗划分为东亚飞蝗、亚洲飞蝗和西藏飞蝗三个亚种 ,并推测我国最原始的飞蝗发生地可能是郑州 -开封东北至临清 -禹南以南的古黄河冲积扇地带。由于飞蝗的形态、生理、生态等性状受气候与生态条件影响 ,从而在地区间变化很大 ,而且过去关于我国飞蝗发生动态和演化的分析均忽视了地史中重大气候事件的影响 ,因此有关结论的可靠性值得质疑并有待深入验证。根据分子群体遗传学的最新研究结果 ,我们认为 :( 1)我国飞蝗应被重新划分为青藏种群、海南种群和北方种群 3大类群 ;( 2 )我国东部地区 (辽宁、黄淮平原、陕西和山西 )的飞蝗与海南的飞蝗之间的遗传差别已达亚种水平 ,因此不是东亚飞蝗 ,而是亚洲飞蝗经过适应性演化在我国华北地区形成的特异地理宗———华北地理宗 ;( 3)华北地理宗的形成应是末次冰期后种群大规模扩张的结果 ,推测是由蒙新高原的飞蝗沿黄河流域逐步扩散而来 ;( 4 )结合历史上飞蝗发生的情况可以推断 ,在中国 ,至少在北至北纬 4 6℃的地区 ,光周期不会成为飞蝗发育的限制性因素 ,有效积温可能是惟一限制性气候因子。因此 ,在气候逐渐变暖的趋势下 ,飞蝗有逐渐向北扩散的可能 ,东北地区将会逐步具有飞蝗大发生所需要的必要气候条。
The migratory locusts have perhaps been the most important agricultural pest in China since the earliest historical time. Traditionally, locust populations in China have been classified into three subspecies based mostly on morphological differences, viz: the oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis), the Asiatic migratory locust (Locusta migratoria migratoria) and the Tibetan migratory locust (Locusta migratoria tibetensis) . Morphological characters (as well as other characters such as generation number) are, however, not always reliable particularly for widely distributed organisms such as Locusta, since they can be much affected by regional climatic and ecological variation in addition to genetic difference. Significant overlaps, for example, of morphometric values between locusts from different groups have well been observed. Also, the central area of the Huabei plain has been considered to be the ancestral area of the migratory locusts in China, in connection with the dynamics of river development and the formation of delta and alluvial fans. However, the impact of some major historical climatic events such as the last glaciation has not been considered in such analyses. Therefore, the validity of the aforementioned conclusions and opinions on the classification and population evolution of the migratory locusts in China are questionable and deserves further examination. Here we give our unorthodox views on these issues prompted by data from molecular population genetic study, and suggest some major revisions. This also implies that the migratory locusts have a great potential to colonize further north in North China following the global warming crisis, for it appears that the only limiting factor for their northward dispersal up to the latitude 46°N is winter temperature and not photoperiod or genetic background .
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期675-681,共7页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金(No .3 0 0 2 5 0 0 8)
中国科学院"百人计划"资助项目~~
关键词
东亚飞蝗
亚洲飞蝗
西藏飞蝗
非洲飞蝗
种群遗传
微卫星DNA
分子标记
蝗区
Oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis), Asiatic migratory locust (Locusta migratoria migratoria) , Tibetan migratory locust (Locusta migratoria tibetensis), African migratory locust (Locusta migratoria migratori
