摘要
黄土高原地区230个气象站年平均降雨量492mm,52%的降雨量集中在夏季,与同纬度地区比较,年降雨总量少,且季节分配集中。降雨量具有明显水平地带性,随纬度升高降雨量按指数率减少,随经度提高降雨量逐渐增加。年降雨量平均水平变化率为60mm/纬度和26mm/经度,不同水平地带内,降雨量愈少,降雨量的水平变化率愈大。降雨量的垂直分布,对山地降雨量与海拔高度关系多为抛物线,年最大降雨量出现的海拔高度为2300～2700m,不同山区降雨量垂直递增率差异较大。对黄土高原地区而言,降雨量与海拔高度呈负相关,海拔低于1800m的地区,降雨量随海拔升高而减少。
The measured data of precipitation for many years in 230 meteorological statiomshow that the mean annual precipitation is 492mm, in the Loess Plateauand about 52% of that is concentrated in summer. The annual prcipitation in theLoess Plateau is small, and its distribution is more centralized than that in the samelatitude regions. The precipitation has a distinct feature of level zone that reducesexponentially with inerease of latitude and increases gradually with increase of long-itude. The mean level variation rates of annual precipitation are 60mm per latitide.and 26mm perlongitude. Within the different level zones, the less the precipitationis, the bigger the level varing rate of precipitation is, In respect to the verticaldistribution of precipitation, the relationship of the precipitation and elevtion is a parabola in the mountains, and the elevation of maximum annual precipitation is fr-om 2300 meters to 2700 meters. The vertical increasing rate of precipitation is verydifference in the different mountains. As to the Loess Plateau, the relaionship of theprecipitation and elevation is negative correlation and the precipitation reduceswith the increase of the Elevation. that is lower than 1800 meters
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
1992年第4期27-32,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
关键词
黄土高原
降雨量
地理地带性
the Loess Plateau
precipitation
geographical zone feature
