摘要
以1992年12月从加拿大引种到中国、以群体交配的方式在中国繁养了7代的海湾扇贝(Argopectenirradians)为材料,随机选取15个性腺发育成熟的个体,分为A、B、C3组,分别通过自体受精建立15个自交家系,每组设各自混群对照。结果表明,海湾扇贝自体交配家系的受精率较高,并与对照组相近;但孵化率变化较大,15个自交系的孵化率变化范围为1.35%～68.23%,平均为31.44%。自交家系F1面盘幼虫的生长速率明显低于对照组,附着变态时间也迟于对照。在15个自交家系中有14个获得成体子代,共1311个个体,但各家系间差异很大,从13个到186个不等。自交家系子代个体可以发育到性成熟并可繁殖F2,证明通过自交培育海湾扇贝家系在技术上可行。方差分析表明,除A组自交家系体重与其对照差异不显著(P≥0.05)外,其余绝大多数自交家系和对照组相比,在壳长、壳高和体重方面的差异显著(P≤0.05)或极显著(P≤0.01)。本研究还表明,海湾扇贝的自交可导致自交衰退,表现为发育迟缓和个体小型化。在面盘幼虫阶段自交衰退率为25.9%,成体阶段平均为12.7%。
The bay scallop Argopecten irradians in this experiment was the F7 offspring of the scallop introduced from Canada in 1992. Fifteen adults were divided into three groups, each with five individuals. Each group was randomly selected to establish selffertilization family (SFF), and each group had its control reproduced by mixed crossing of more than 20 individuals. The fertilization rates in all groups are high and close to those in controls, however, in SFF groups, the hatching rate varied from 1.35% to 68.23%, which was less than that in controls (56.76% to 75.00%). The growth rate of body weight and shell length in SFF were obviously lower and the settlement was delayed five days in F1 and ten days in F2 than those in controls. Fourteen families in all SFF groups obtained their offspring from 13 to 186 individuals in each family, which grew to adult and could produce F2. The conclusion is that selffertilization may be used for the rapid establishment of inbred line and purification of useful alleles. The analysis of variance showed that most of SFF had a significant difference (P≤0.05) in shell length, shell height and total wet weight (TWW) with their group controls, but TWW in group A (P≥0.05). The experiment proves that selffertilization will lead to selffertilization depression (SFD) involved in developmental delay and miniaturization. The SFD in veliger was 25.9% and 12.7% in adult. To investigate the effects of selffertilization, shell length, shell height and body weight were compared between SFF and control and the results showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05).
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第6期441-445,共5页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(ZKCX2-211)
国家杰出青年基金项目(39825121)
中国科学院知识创新前沿领域项目
关键词
海湾扇贝
自交家系
自交衰退
Argopecten irradians
self-fertilization family (SFF)
self-fertilization depression (SFD)
