摘要
平定准噶尔部是清朝统一多民族国家发展中的重要事件,战争胜利后,乾隆帝谕旨在伊犁格登山、北京国子监、承德避暑山庄、伊宁城郊等地树立纪功碑。它们对宣扬清朝武功、界定国家疆域发挥了重要作用。而以往研究未能系统性地考订这些纪功碑的碑文,存在版本零散、录入疏漏、断句不清等问题。本文考察了平准纪功碑的文物保存、文献收录情况,以国家博物馆古籍部所藏纪功碑拓片、第三次全国文物普查成果所录纪功碑照片为底本,重新录入碑文,对照《清实录》《大清一统志》等多种传世文献记载的碑文,在注释中标记各版本差异,考证字词,解释用法,重新断句,完整、准确地呈现出四座平准纪功碑之全貌,以利后续平准纪功碑研究之深入进行。
The Qing Dynasty’s monumental inscriptions of conquering Zunghar Mongols was one of its powerful ethnic and cultural polices’ symbols. After Qianlong Emperor defeated Zunghar’s leader Dawachi and Amursana in 1755 and 1758,four monumental inscriptions of conquering Zunghar Mongols was established in the capital’s Imperial Academy,in the Chengde Imperial Summer Resort,in the suburbs of Xinjiang’s garrison town Yili,and on the top of Gedeng Mountain. In order to declare Qianlong emperor’s military exploit to the world,these monumental inscriptions were written at least in four languages,including Chinese,Mongolian,Manchu and Tibetan. However,previous studies did not test the inscriptions of their tablets systematically. Based on the rubbings of these Monuments from the National Libiray of China and the records in various documents such as Qing Shi Lu and Da Qing Yi Tong Zhi,this paper gives a reliable textual criticism of these four monumental inscriptions words by words. Also,this paper correts the faults in the past publications,explains vocabulary’s usage,and give them a new presentation,which may facilitate the follow-up research on the history about Qing’s conquest of Zunghar Mongols.
出处
《西北民族论丛》
2019年第1期71-102,327-328,共33页
Northwest Ethnology Series
关键词
乾隆帝
纪功碑
准噶尔
拓片
《说文解字》
Qianlong Emperor
Monuments
Zunghar
rubbings
Shuo Wen Jie Zi
