摘要
以黄瓜为研究对象,通过小区试验,设置3个处理,分别为对照、传统施肥和优化施肥,研究重构土体不同施肥模式对黄瓜农艺性状、产量及土壤微生物指标的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,Con、Opt处理显著增加了黄瓜的伸蔓高度,增幅分别为26.5%、32.4%。与Con相比,Opt处理黄瓜伸蔓高度显著增加,其增幅为4.6%。与CK相比,施肥能够显著增加黄瓜叶柄长度,Con、Opt处理叶柄长度增幅依次为31.5%、51.7%,与Con相比,Opt处理显著增加黄瓜的叶柄长度,其增幅为15.4%。与CK相比,Con、Opt处理黄瓜产量均显著增加(P<0.05),其增幅分别为2.1、3.2倍。与CK相比,Con、Opt处理细菌总数增加显著(P<0.05),其增幅分别为43%、50%。与CK相比,Con和Opt处理的真菌总数增幅依次为48%、184%,与Con相比,Opt处理的真菌总数增加显著(P<0.05),增幅为47%。与CK相比,Con、Opt处理土壤中放线菌总数成倍增加,其增加倍数分别为5、13倍。对于重构土体,不同施肥处理对黄瓜产量、农艺性状及土壤微生物三大区系具有显著影响,Opt处理在保持总氮含量不变的同时,不仅使黄瓜产量显著增加,还使土壤中微生物三大区系数量显著增加,进而促进土壤熟化。因此,在重构土体中,增施微生物型土壤调理剂是一种快速提升土壤肥力的施肥方式。
Taking cucumber as the research object,through the community experiment,three treatments were set up,which werecoutrol(CK),conventional fertilization(Con)and optimized fertilization(Opt).The effects of different fertilization modes on the agronomic traits,yield and soil microbial indicators of cucumber were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,Con and Opt treatment significantly increased the height of cucumber vines,which increased by26.5% and 32.4%,respectively.Compared with Con,Opt treatment of cucumber vines increased significantly,with an increase of 4.6%.Compared with CK,fertilization could significantly increase the length of cucumber petiole.The growth of petiole length of Con and Opt treatments was 31,5% and 51.7%,respectively.Compared with Con,Opt treatment significantly increasedthe petiole length of cucumber,which increased by 15.4%.Compared with CK,the yield of Cucumber treated by Con and Opt increased significantly(P<0.05)and the increase was 2.1 and3.2 times,respectively.Compared with CK,the total number of bacteria treated by Con and Opt increased significantly(P<0.05),and the increase was 43% and 50%,respectively.Compared with CK,the total number of fungi treated by Con and Opt increased by 48% and 184%.Compared with Con,the total number of fungi treated with Opt increased significantly(P<0.05),an increase of 47%.Compared with CK,the total number of actinomycetes in Con and Opt treatment soils increased exponentially,and the increase ratio was 5 and 13 times.For the reconstituted soil,different fertilization treatments have significant effects on cucumber crop yield,agronomic traits and soil microbes.The Opt treatment not only makes the cucumber yield increase significantly,but also makes the coefficient of the three major regions of microbes increased significantly while keeping the total nitrogen content unchanged,which in turn promoted soil ripening.Therefore,in the process of soil organic reconstitution,increasing the microbial-rich soil conditioner is a fertilization method that rapidly increases soil fertility.
作者
吴得峰
胡赞
WU Defeng;HU Zan(Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Land Comprehensive Development Co.,Ltd,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710075,China)
关键词
土体有机重构
黄瓜
产量
土壤微生物指标
soil organic reconstruction
cucumber
yield
soil microbial indicators
