摘要
外泌体是由细胞分泌的大小为30～130 nm,可携带供体细胞的一些生物学特性的转运囊泡,其包含的蛋白质、RNA等多种生物活性分子在正常生理代谢反应、肿瘤等疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要的作用,是细胞间信息传递和物质交换的重要媒介。作为新型的天然内源性物质转运载体,外泌体具有低毒性、低免疫原性、渗透性好等优势。目前外泌体已成功负载小分子化学药物、基因等生物活性分子,以用于肿瘤的诊断与治疗。该文基于外泌体的生物学特性、作为诊断性生物标志物和药物载体的优势,以及在肿瘤的诊断与治疗的应用等方面进行综述。
Exosomes are transport vesicles with a size of 30-130 nm,which are secreted by cells and possessed the biological characteristics of donor cells.As an important medium for information transmission and material exchange among cells,exosomes contain proteins,RNA and other biologically active molecules and play an important role in the development of normal physiological metabolic reactions,tumors and other diseases.As a new natural endogenous material transport carrier,exosomes have the advantages of low toxicity,low immunogenicity,and good permeability.Currently,exosomes have been successfully loaded with small molecule chemical drugs,genes and other biologically active molecules for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.This article reviews the biological characteristics of exosomes,the advantages of exosomes as diagnostic biomarkers and drug carriers,and the application in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
作者
白连梅
刘亦晨
郭凯丽
王攀
Bai Lianmei;Liu Yichen;Guo Kaili;Wang Pan(College of Life Science,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)
出处
《中国细胞生物学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第3期508-515,共8页
Chinese Journal of Cell Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:81872497)
陕西省自然科学基金(批准号:2017JM8004)资助的课题~~
关键词
外泌体
药物载体
肿瘤
诊断
治疗
exosomes
drug carrier
tumor
diagnosis
treatment
