摘要
传统工业矿物———纤蛇纹石 ,是一种具有独特卷管状构造的一维纳米管材料 ,具有机械强度好、耐热、绝缘等优良性能 ,同时具有高表面化学活性和生物活性。其活性主要源自表面不饱和键、纳米晶体巨大的比表面积所带来的高表面能以及卷曲构造导致的晶格弯曲而引起的附加内能和表面能。优良的物理和化学性能使其在纳米新材料中具有广阔的应用前景 ;高表面活性使其可被用来治理环境污染 ,但也可对人体造成致命威胁 ,导致石棉肺并引发癌症。因此 ,积极开展纤蛇纹石污染和致病机理的深入研究 ,有针对性的对其进行表面改性 ,降低或消除其毒性 ,同时加强采、选及加工企业粉尘污染的监测、改善人员防护 ,纤蛇纹石可以发挥优良性能 。
As a traditional industrial mineral, chrysotile is a kind of one_dimensional nano_tube material with the unique tubular structure formed by curled unit layers. It has many good properties, such as well mechanical strength, resistance to heat, insulation, and high face chemical activity and bio_activity. Its activities are mainly derived from the face unsaturated bonds, face energy carried by enormous specific surface area inherent in nano_crystals, and additional internal energy and face energy produced by lattice winding due to the curly structure. With its good physical and chemical properties, chrysotile will surely have broad applying prospects in the new nano_material field. Its high face activities can on the one hand be utilized to control environmental pollution, but on the other hand bring about fatal threat to human beings by resulting in asbestos lung and cancers. With the aim of safe utilization of the fine properties of chrysotile, it is important to study thoroughly the dust pollution and disease_causing mechanism of chrysotile and carry out effective face modification so as to reduce or remove its cytotoxicity. In addition, factories, mines and other enterprises dealing with mining, separating and processing of chrysotile should monitor the dust pollution and improve the protection means for workers.
出处
《岩石矿物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第4期409-412,共4页
Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
基金
科技部基础研究重大研究项目前期专项资助 ( 2 0 0 1CCAO2 40 0 )
