摘要
渔民生产生活状况、收入增长情况受政策环境、水产品价格、自然灾害等多种因素影响。文章采用渔民入户调查数据及全国渔民家庭收支调查数据,系统分析2017年中国渔民生产生活及渔民家庭收支变化特征及渔民增收影响因素。结果表明:(1)渔民家庭经营收入是渔民收入增长的最大拉动力,但是收入来源仍然比较单一、收入结构一直没有发生根本性变化,亟需拓展渔民增收渠道;(2)雇工费用占渔民家庭经营渔业支出的比重不断增加,逐渐成为影响渔民家庭福利的关键因素;(3)中国各区域间渔民收入存在较大差距,并且差距有进一步扩大的趋势。基于此,从主体能力、内部机制、产业动力、外部环境角度提出提高渔民自身能力,构建渔民持续增收长效机制,提高渔业产业内部增收动力,实施渔村振兴战略等促进渔民增收振兴渔业的对策建议。
The production and living conditions of fishermen and their income growth are affected by various factors such as policy environment,aquatic products’price and natural disasters.Based on the fishermen’s household survey data and the national fishermen’s household income and expenditure survey data,the changes in the income and expenditure of fishermen’s households in 2017 and the factors affecting the income are systematically analyzed.The results show that:(1)the fishermen’s family operating income is the biggest driving force for the growth of fishermen’s income,but the source of income is still relatively simple,and the structure of income has not changed fundamentally;it is urgent to expand the channels for fishermen to increase their income;(2)the labor cost has been increasing and it has gradually become a key factor affecting the welfare of fishermen’s families;(3)there is a large gap in the income of fishermen in different regions,and the gap has further expanded.Based on this,it is proposed to improve the fishermen’s capacity,build a longterm mechanism for the continuous increase of fishermen’s income,boost the income-increasing motivation from fishery industry,and implement the fishing village revitalization strategy in order to increase fishermen’s income and revitalize fishery.
作者
刘龙腾
高宏泉
刘子飞
Liu Longteng;Gao Hongquan;Liu Zifei(Fisheries Development Strategy Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China;Department of Social Development,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;National Fisheries Technology Extension Center/China Society of Fisheries,Beijing 100125,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2019年第6期57-63,共7页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项资助项目“中国生计渔民认定标准研究”(2018HY-ZD07)
农业农村部软科学课题“长江渔民退捕生态补偿机制”(2018085)
关键词
渔民
家庭收支结构
收入差距
影响因素
增收长效机制
Fishermen
Household Income and Expenditure Structure
Income Gap
Influencing Factors
Longterm Mechanism for Income-increasing
