摘要
以金沟岭林场为例 ,利用电子林相图和森林资源二类调查资料基础 ,借助 GIS软件 Map Info和数字化仪跟踪矢量化 ,并运用景观生态学原理和方法 ,选取分维数、分离度斑块密度、景观优势度和均匀度等指标 ,对林场的景观格局进行了分析 ;同时采用类平均聚类法 ,选取分维数、分离度、斑块平均面积、最大斑块面积 4个景观类型特征指数作为聚类分析的聚类因子 ,进行定量地划分森林类型 ,合理地区划森林经营类型 ,为优化景观水平配置、制定生态采伐规程、编制森林经营方案提供理论基础。
The scientific and reasonable division of forest resources is one of important means to realize forest sustainable management. Due to using unreasonable cutting methods and human destruction,forest resources are being deficient and ecological environment have gotten degenerated gradually. Therefore,the purpose of the paper is to find a way of ordinating the relationship between cutting and environment conservation. Based on the landscape ecology theory and the application of GIS,this paper studies the forest landscape quantitative classification of the Jingouling forest farm ,Changbai mountains,in the province of Jilin,China. Firstly,plant type patches were compartmentalized according to the subcompartment borders on the forest map. With the electronic forest map and information of forest resources survey,the area and perimeter of every forest landscape patch were computed. The total area,mean area,total perimeter and numbers of every landscape patch were calculated too. Considering the demands of the research work the forest landscape was classified into two levels. According to land use type the first level has 10 types,and the second level has 13 types named as dominate trees. Next,the forest landscape pattern was analyzed in terms of fractal dimension,isolation,dominance,diversity,patch density etc. Then,by means of unwighted-pair-group average,forest landscape was divided into three kinds of forest management types. The results were as follows:(1) The forest landscape character indexes of research region : landscape diversity index 1.6273,landscape evenness index 0.5321,fragmentation 7.5471,landscape dominance 0.9376.(2) On the basis of landscape classification,fractal dimension,isolation,mean patch area and maximum of patch as cluster factors,by means of unwighted-pair-group average,forest landscape was divided into three forest management types.Mixed, Mesophytic broad-leaved,Slow-grown broad-leaved and Siberian elm belong to typeⅠ; Khingan fire,Chinese spruce picea,Dahurian larch,Korean pine,Aciculisilvae and Mongolian pine belong to typeⅡ; Asian white birch,Poplar beech and Hybrid wood belong to type Ⅲ.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第12期2540-2544,共5页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家"十五"攻关课题资助项目 (2 0 0 1 BA5 1 0 B0 70 3 )~~
