摘要
目的通过对2013-2017年云南省大理州辖区内报告的丙类传染病数据进行分析,了解大理州丙类传染病的流行病学特征及变化趋势,为今后的传染病防控制定有科学性、针对性的策略提供依据。方法以描述性流行病学方法为主,对2013-2017年大理州丙类传染病数据进行分析。结果 2013-2017年大理州累积报告丙类传染病32 592例,年均发病率为181.37/10万,累积死亡1例,年均死亡率0.01/10万,病死率为0.03‰。2015年发病率最高(193.95/10万),2016年发病率最低(165.95/10万);累积报告9种丙类传染病,以手足口病最多(26 733例)。发病多呈单峰分布,高峰集中于3-7月,峰值出现在6-7月。总发病率居前3位的地区分别是:宾川县(293.78/10万)、大理市(255.96/10万)、巍山县(192.39/10万)。男性发病明显高于女性,男女性别比为1.31∶1;高发年龄段为0~14岁组,5岁以下组居首位;以散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生为主。丙类传染病突发公共卫生事件累积报告19起,以流感最多(14起),事件发生以大理市最多,主要集中在学校。结论学校是丙类传染病疫情的高发场所,对学校、托幼机构等低年龄段人群相对聚集的场所采取针对性防制措施,是有效控制丙类传染病疫情发生的关键,防控应覆盖早托、早教机构和大型室内游乐场等机构和场所。
Objective To analyze data of category C infectious diseases reported in Dali Prefecture of Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2017 so as to understand the epidemiological characteristics and changing trends and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of category C infectious diseases in Dali from 2013 to 2017.Results A total of 32 592 cases of category C infectious diseases and one death had been reported from 2013 to 2017.The average annual incidence rate was181.37/105,and the death rate was 0.01/105.The case fatality rate was 0.03‰.The incidence was the highest in 2015(193.95/105)and the lowest in 2016(165.95/105).Nine category C infectious disease had been reported,and the number of HFMD cases was the greatest(26 733 cases).The incidence of most diseases showed mostly unimodal distribution,with cases concentrated in March to July and peaks occurring in June or July.The three regions with the highest total incidence were Binchuan County(293.78/105),Dali City(255.96/105)and Weishan County(192.39/105).The incidence in males was significantly higher than in females,with a sex ratio of 1.31∶1.Most of the cases involved children under 15 years age.A total of 19 public health emergencies of category C infectious diseases were reported;the number of influenza cases was the greatest(14 cases),and the largest number of incidents occurred in Dali,mainly in schools.Conclusion Schools are the high-risk places for the spread of category C infectious diseases.Targeted prevention measures adopted for places where people of low ages gather relatively,such as schools,child-care institutions,etc.,are the key to effectively control the outbreak of category C infectious diseases.
作者
苏丽蓉
施顺娟
周舟
杨冰心
SU Lirong;SHI Shunjuan;ZHOU Zhou;YANG Bingxin(Dali Prefecture Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Dali 671000,Yunnan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2019年第6期587-592,共6页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
丙类传染病
流行特征
分析
category C infectious diseases
epidemiological characteristics
analysis
