摘要
以实体模型概化水槽为基础,研究水深、含沙量及泥沙级配等因素对滩槽泥沙粒径分布的影响.复式河道滩槽泥沙粒径的分布一般具有进口悬沙粒径大于出口悬沙粒径、主槽床沙粒径大于滩地床沙粒径、主槽悬沙粒径大于滩地悬沙粒径以及床沙粒径大于悬沙粒径等基本特征;滩槽床沙粒径比随滩槽相对水深的增加而增加,但滩槽悬沙粒径比随相对水深的变化不大;滩槽床沙粒径比随着含沙量的增加而减小,粗颗粒泥沙的减小幅度要比细颗粒泥沙大,而滩槽悬沙粒径比随含沙量变化不大;滩槽悬沙粒径比及床沙粒径比均随着来沙粒径的增大而减小,滩槽床沙粒径比的变化幅度要大于悬沙粒径比的变化幅度.通过分析滩槽泥沙粒径分布的主要影响因素,建立了相应的经验公式.
To find the rules of sediment grain size distribution under influences of water depth,incoming sediment concentration and sediment grading,many tests based on flume experiment was conducted. As the main indexes of sediment grain size distribution,the ratio of bed load grain size on flood plain to that in main channel( RBFM) and the ratio of suspended load grain size on flood plain to that in the main channel( RSFM) were focused on. Firstly,the following general characteristics of sediment grain size distribution in compound channel are confirmed:Bed load coaster than suspended load; Both bed load and suspended load in main channel coarser than on the flood plain; The suspended load at the inlet coarser than that at the outlet.Secondly,the rules of RBFM and RSFM change were described. With deepening the relative channel water depth,the RBFM increased; but RSFM changed little. With densifying the incoming sediment concentration,the RBFM decreased,and the coarser the particles,the more the drop; While the RSFM changed little. With coarsening the incoming sediment grading,both of the RBFM and RSFM were decreased,and the ranges of RBFM were wider than that RSFM.Finally,an empirical formula was established to reflect the key affecting factors to the sediment grain size.
出处
《应用基础与工程科学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期649-660,共12页
Journal of Basic Science and Engineering
基金
流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室(中国水利水电科学研究院)开放研究基金(2014ZY05)
首都师范大学附中研究性学习课题
关键词
复式河道
主槽
滩地
泥沙粒径
水深
含沙量
compound channel
main channel
flood plain
sediment grain size
depth
sediment concentration
