摘要
目的分析南京市某幼儿园一起水痘疫情的罹患率,找出水痘暴发的危险因素,评价水痘疫苗的保护效果。方法以2018年3月19日至6月27日南京市某幼儿园出现的54例水痘患者为研究对象,其中男性33例,女性21例;年龄3~25岁,其中幼儿年龄3~6岁,幼儿平均(5.30±0.88)岁。通过主动搜索和问卷调查的方法收集幼儿园学生和老师中水痘的发病情况,疫苗接种情况。结果该起疫情共报告病例数54人,罹患率为7.74%,疫情涉及10个班级和2名老师,班级学生罹患率最高为34.3%。首例患者于2018年3月26日发病,疫情持续68 d。发病高峰时间为5月8日至22日。流行曲线提示为人传人模式。在该起暴发事件中,水痘疫苗的保护率为58%(RR=0.42,95CI%:0.22~0.80)。结论幼儿园等集体单位水痘暴发疫情的发生率较高,相关机构应该加强对学校、幼儿园等集体单位的传染病监测和管理,加强传染病相关知识培训。
Objective To analyze the incidence rate of varicella outbreak in a kindergarten in Nanjing city,to find out the risk factors of varicella outbreak and to evaluate the protection effect of varicella vaccine.Methods A retrospective case analysis was conducted on 54 patients with varicella who appeared in a kindergarten in Nanjing between March 19,2018 and June 27,2018.Among them,there were 33 boys and 21 girls,aged from 3 to 25 years,with infants aged from 3 to 6 years,and the average age of infants was(5.30±0.88)years.The incidence and vaccination of varicella among the kindergarten students and teachers were collected through active search and questionnaire survey.Descriptive study and cohort study were used for analysis.Results A total of 54 cases were reported,with an incidence rate of 7.74%.The outbreak involved 10 classes and 2 teachers,with the highest incidence rate of 34.3%.The first case occurred on March 26,2018,and the epidemic lasted for 68 days.In this outbreak,the protection rate of varicella vaccine was 58%(RR=0.42,95 CI%:0.22~0.80).Conclusions The incidence of varicella outbreaks is relatively high in kindergartens and other collective units.Relevant institutions should strengthen the monitoring and management of infectious diseases in schools,kindergartens and other collective units,and strengthen the training of knowledge related to infectious diseases.
作者
孙红敏
马涛
丰罗菊
江根
朱有霞
汪君君
张敏
SunHongmin;Ma Tao;Feng Luoju;Jiang Gen;Zhu Youxia;Wang Junjun;Zhang Min(Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing210003,China;Nanjing Field Epidemiology Training Program,Nanjing210003,China;Nanjing Jiangbei New District Public Health Service Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanjing210044,China)
出处
《中华卫生应急电子杂志》
2019年第4期216-220,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition)
关键词
水痘
暴发
现场调查
Varicella
Outbreak
Investigation
