摘要
1944年中国正面抗日战场的溃败造成美国太平洋战略的调整和中美关系的恶化,由此大大限制了蒋介石对苏联在未来中国的重要影响的应有认识和与之进行适当外交,导致损害中国主权的《雅尔塔秘密协定》的产生。之后,中国的外交重点依然锁定美国,极力“邀请”美国政府介入中苏关系并影响未来的中苏谈判。然而,出于对苏联追求东亚利益的实力与决心、对苏联参加太平洋战争的需要以及对自身缺乏足够抗衡苏联手段和资源等方面的权衡,美国政府没有接受中国的外交“邀请”,反而协同苏联政府迫使中国直接派团前往莫斯科完成中苏谈判。但中国政府的外交并非没有对美国产生影响,实际上,部分由于中国持续“邀美抗苏”的努力,最终促成了紧随其后在中苏谈判以及未来东北等问题上美国政府公开出面支持中国反对苏联,成为中国内战和东亚冷战爆发的一个起源。
The fall of Chinese anti-Japanese war in 1944 stimulated the changes of American Pacific strategy and the deterioration of Sino-American relations, which greatly caused Jiang Jieshi's underestimate of Russia's future role in China and limited him to conduct the necessary diplomatic initiatives towards USSR. Then came the Yalta Agreement in February 1945. After that, Chinese diplomatic efforts were still focusing on and trying to 'invite' America to mediate the Sino-Russian relations and involve the future Sino-Russian talks. However, due to the consideration of the Russian power to pursue its interests in North-Eastem Asia, the need of Russia to join the war against Japan and the lack of effective resources to confront Russians, American government not only declined Chinese invitation, but also helped Russia to force China to send its delegation to Moscow for the direct talk with Stalin. American declination doesn't mean that Chinese diplomatic efforts did not work at all. In fact, Chinese continuous invitation eventually made the America government to stand out to help Chinese national government to resist Russian demands in China, which became one of the origins of the outbreak of the Chinese civil war and the Cold War in Asia.
出处
《东南亚研究》
CSSCI
2003年第4期19-25,共7页
Southeast Asian Studies
