摘要
目的了解张家港市健康教育实施前后中小学生乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)相关知识知晓率情况,评价健康教育项目实施效果,为进一步提出有针对性的、有效实用的健康教育模式与策略提供理论依据。方法根据国家科技重大专项项目办公室提供的调查问卷,在健康教育前后采用分层和整群抽样的方法在张家港市选择6所中小学校的共2 000余名学生作为调查对象,由经过统一培训的专业人员进行问卷调查。结果张家港市中小学生乙肝知识总知晓率从教育前的47. 84%提高到教育后的77. 74%;健康教育后学生在15项乙肝知识点中有7项知晓率超过了80%,但在"目前没有治疗乙肝的特效药物"、"纹身、修脚、穿耳洞"等传播途径和"一起吃饭"等非传播途径方面知晓率还不高;干预后男生乙肝知识知晓率增加幅度较女生略高,男生知晓率高于女生;初中生乙肝知识知晓率增加幅度最高,增幅为40. 38%,其次为小学生和高中生,小学生乙肝知识总知晓率为86. 03%。结论健康教育后张家港市中小学生乙肝知识知晓率明显提高,说明有针对性的、多种形式的健康教育模式可以有效地提高中小学生乙肝知识知晓率。
Objective To explore the hepatitis B related knowledge awareness and evaluate the education effect before and after the implementation of health education among the primary,middle and high school students in Zhangjiagang,and to provide a scientific basis for targeted and effective mode and strategy of further health education.Methods The questionnaire applied by the project of The Major Epidemic Prevention and Control Demonstration Zone was used by trained professionals to investigate more than 2 000 primary,middle and high school students from 6 schools which were selected by stratified and cluster sampling method.Results The total awareness rate of hepatitis B related knowledge of the students in Zhangjiagang was increased from 47.84%to 77.74%after education and got an awareness rate of more than 80%in 7 of the 15 knowledge points of hepatitis B.But it was not high in'there is no special medicine for hepatitis B at present','transmission routes such as tattoo,pedicure,piercing the ear'and'other non-transmission such as eating together'.Boys got a higher growth in rate than girls after education and the rate of boys is significantly higher than girls after education.The rate increased the most in the middle school students,with an increase of 40.38%,followed by primary school students and senior high school students.The total rate of the primary school students was 86.03%after education.Conclusion There were statistically significant differences in the knowledge awareness rates of hepatitis B among primary,middle and high school students in Zhangjiagang before and after health education.It’s suggested a significant effect in this health education promotion activity indicating that the targeted and diversified education modes of health education could effectively improve the knowledge awareness rates of hepatitis B among the primary,middle and high school students.
作者
邱海岩
于颖慧
刘彬
沈艳
邵海枫
QIU Haiyan;YU Yinghui;LIU Bin;SHEN Yan;SHAO Haifeng(Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu215600,China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2019年第8期745-747,751,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
国家科技重大专项(2013ZX10004905-002)
关键词
中小学生
乙型病毒性肝炎
知晓率
健康教育
效果评价
Primary and secondary school students
Viral hepatitis B
Awareness
Health education
Effect evaluation
