摘要
目的了解枣庄市薛城区服务行业从业人员的乙肝知识、态度和行为现状,为今后制定科学防控措施提供理论依据。方法采用统一的自制调查问卷,由经培训合格的调查员,对2018年1～3月前往薛城区疾控中心从业健康体检人员进行乙肝知识、态度和行为调查。结果调查1 837人,男性792人(43.11%),女性1 045人(56.89%),男∶女=0.76∶1;年龄为16～72(37.47±7.68)岁;文化程度中初中最多(757人、41.21%);收入以1 000～2 999元最多(1 128人、61.40%);接种乙肝疫苗者662人(36.04%)。乙肝基本知识总知晓率为58.47%(9 667/16 533),通过破损的皮肤黏膜传播(1 341人、72.30%)和乙肝疫苗可预防乙型肝炎(1 294人、70.44%)知晓率较高,性行为传播知晓率最低(729人、39.68%);各特征知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。拒绝使用未消毒医疗器械(1 543人、84.00%)和怀疑得乙肝自愿做检查(1 432人、77.95%)的正向率较高;25.10%(461人)染上乙肝会主动告诉别人,39.52%(726人)愿与乙肝携带者组建家庭;各特征正向率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。相关态度行为正向率与各特征呈低中度相关(P<0.01)。结论枣庄市薛城区餐饮等服务行业从业人员乙肝基本知识知晓率不高,乙肝态度和行为有待改变。
Objective To understand the knowledge,attitudes and practices(KAP) status of hepatitis B among employees in service industries in Xuecheng district,Zaozhuang city,so as to provide theoretical evidence for the formulation of scientific prevention and control measures in the future. Methods A unified self-designed questionnaire was used by qualified investigators to conduct aKAP survey of hepatitis B on workers who made medical examination in Xuecheng district CDC from January to March,2018. Results A total of 1 837 people were surveyed,including 792 males(43.11%) and 1 045 females(56.89%),with the rate of male to female of 0.76:1;the age ranged from 16 to 72 years(37.47±7.68 years);the largest number of surveyed people was junior high school(757 people,41.21%);the income level concentrated in 1 000-2 999 yuan(1 128 people,61.40%);there were 662 people(36.04%) have received hepatitis B vaccine.The total awareness rate of hepatitis B knowledge was 58.47%(9 667/16 533).The awareness rate of hepatitis B transmitted through damaged skin and mucosal(1 341 people,72.30%) and hepatitis B can prevented by getting hepatitis B vaccines(1 294 people,70.44%)was 72.30% and 70.44% respectively.The lowest awareness rate was in hepatitis B transmitted through sexual transmission(729 people,39.68%).There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rates among different population characteristics(P<0.01).The positive rate of refusing to use unsterilized medical equipment(1 543 people,84.00%) and voluntary examination of suspected hepatitis B patients(1 432 people,77.95%) was relatively high;there were 461 people(25.10%) would like to tell others if they had hepatitis B,and 726 people(39.52%)were willing to establish families with hepatitis B carriers.There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates among different population characteristics(P<0.01).The positive rates of attitudes and behaviors of hepatitis B were low-to-moderately related to the population characteristics(P<0.01). Conclusion The awareness rate of the basic knowledge about hepatitis B for employees in service industries of Xuecheng district is not high,and the attitudes and behaviors about hepatitis B need to be changed.
作者
孙中环
SUN Zhong-huan(Xuecheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zaozhuang,Shandong,277000,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2018年第12期939-942,945,共5页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
服务行业
乙肝
知晓率
知识
态度
行为
Service industry
Hepatitis B
Awareness rate
Knowledge
Attitude
Behavior
